DIPAK MISRA

The Supreme Court examined the computation of compensation under Sections 163‑A, 166 and 168 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 in death claims, focusing on the appropriate multiplier, the addition of future prospects to the deceased's income, and the quantification of conventional heads such as loss of estate, loss of co…

The petitioners, who were the actor, producer and director of the film "Oru Adaar Love", sought to quash FIR No.34 of 2018 filed under Section 295A IPC alleging that the picturisation of the song "Manikya Malaraya Poovi" offended Muslim sentiments. They argued that the song is a traditional Mappila folk song in the pub…

Shri Gangajali Education Society applied to the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (MHFW) for a Letter of Permission to start a medical college. The Medical Council of India (MCI) found several deficiencies and recommended rejection, but the Supreme Court‑constituted Oversight Committee (OC) later accepted the college…

The Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences & Research applied to the Ministry of Health for permission to start a new medical college for the 2016-17 session. The Ministry, relying on a negative recommendation of the Medical Council of India (MCI), initially denied the permission, but an Oversight Committee later granted…

Yatin Narendra Oza, a senior counsel of the Gujarat High Court, was held liable for contempt after making unwarranted speeches, letters and statements that the Gujarat High Court deemed scandalous. The High Court issued a notice under the Contempt of Courts Act, 1971 restraining him from further such activity and from …

Lakshmi Sreenivasa Cooperative Building Society filed suits for specific performance of alleged sale agreements of land against Puvvada Rama (deceased) and others. The trial court dismissed the suits, finding the Society failed to prove execution of the agreements, payment of earnest money, and possession, noting the a…

The case arose from a motor accident in 2009 where a lorry collided with a motorcycle, killing the rider Satish and injuring his pillion rider Anand. Separate claims were filed under s.166 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 for compensation to Satish's legal representatives and to Anand, and the Motor Accident Claims Trib…

The Supreme Court examined appeals by the Union of India and the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) against a Delhi High Court order that directed the CBI to convert three preliminary enquiries into FIRs/RCs and to complete the investigation. The CBI argued that its preliminary enquiries concluded there was no invol…

The appellant, Sub‑Inspector Bairam Muralidhar, was charged under the Prevention of Corruption Act for demanding bribes. The public prosecutor filed an application under Section 321 of the CrPC to withdraw the prosecution, relying solely on a Government order directing withdrawal. Both the trial court and the High Cour…

A fire broke out at a consumer exhibition in Meerut on 10 April 2006, killing 64 people and injuring more than a hundred. The victims filed a writ petition under Article 32 of the Constitution seeking damages from the State of Uttar Pradesh and the event organizers. The State had appointed a one‑man Commission of Inqui…

The Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) passed a Board resolution in 2001 to upgrade the basic pension and dearness relief for retirees who left service before 1 August 1997, proposing an amendment to the 1995 Employees Pension Rules (Para 3A of Appendix IV). The amendment required a rule under Section 48 of the Life Insu…

The appellant lent Rs.2,20,000 to the respondent, who issued a post‑dated cheque that later bounced, leading to a complaint under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act. The respondent filed a petition under Section 482 of the CrPC seeking to quash the criminal proceedings, alleging that the loan was actually ta…

Rambeer Shokeen was arrested on 1 December 2016 in connection with offences under the Maharashtra Control of Organized Crime Act, 1999 (MCOCA) and the Arms Act. The prosecution filed an application on 28 February 2017 for an extension of time to file the charge‑sheet, which was pending when the appellant filed a statut…

The appellants were convicted for a dowry death and related offences under the IPC and the Dowry Prohibition Act. The High Court, noting certain procedural lapses, set aside the conviction and ordered a de novo retrial under Section 386(b)(i) of the Code of Criminal Procedure. The Supreme Court examined whether such la…

The appellant, Jagdamba Devi, claimed a dependent family pension under the Swatantrata Sainik Samman Pension Scheme, 1980, on behalf of her late husband Hari Kant Jha, a freedom fighter who was arrested for only thirteen days and alleged to have been underground for about 26 months. The State Government initially recom…

The appellants were employees of a government undertaking who were laid off and later transferred to another company. The Government of Andhra Pradesh issued a Voluntary Retirement Scheme (VRS) offering a special compensation package, which the appellants accepted, but the VRS did not provide for lay‑off compensation. …

Arun Dev Upadhyaya appealed against a judgment of the Single Judge of the Bombay High Court that enforced an international arbitration award against one of the respondents but not the other. The appeal raised the question of whether a Letters Patent appeal could be filed before the Division Bench under the Commercial C…

The Kanachur Islamic Education Trust sought confirmation of the conditional Letter of Permission (LOP) granted to its medical college for the 2016-17 academic year and extension for 2017-18, after the Union of India and the Medical Council of India (MCI) debarred the college and ordered encashment of its bank guarantee…

The Dr. Jagat Narain Subharti Charitable Trust applied for permission to establish a new medical college in Dehradun for the 2016‑17 session. The Medical Council of India (MCI) flagged deficiencies in faculty, residents, OPD attendance, bed occupancy and questioned land‑ownership compliance, leading the Central Governm…

Constable Oiler Singh of the CRPF left his camp without permission, consumed alcohol and quarrelled with civilians. The disciplinary authority dismissed him under Section 11(1) of the Central Reserve Police Force Act, 1949. Singh filed a civil suit seeking a declaration that the dismissal was illegal; the trial court s…

The appellant, Deputy Commissioner of Commercial Taxes, challenged the exemption granted to Mis Hindustan Lever Ltd under the Karnataka Sales Tax Act, 1957, on the ground that the company fixed a uniform maximum retail price (MRP) for tea packets that were marked "inclusive of all taxes" despite some units being tax‑ex…

The accused, Nirala Yadav, was arrested for offences under the IPC, Arms Act and POTA. After the statutory 90‑day period for filing a charge‑sheet elapsed without a charge‑sheet or an extension application, he filed an application under s.167(2) CrPC for bail. The CBI then filed an application for a 30‑day extension, a…

The appellant, Hardei, a Block Pramukh, was summoned under Section 319 of the CrPC to face trial for alleged embezzlement under the MNREGA scheme, although she was not named in the original FIR or charge‑sheet. The prosecution, after examining witnesses, filed an application under Section 319, alleging that evidence re…

The appellant Raghavendra Swamy Mutt challenged an interim injunction granted by the Karnataka High Court in a dispute with Uttaradi Mutt over possession of a religious property. The High Court, without first admitting the second appeal under Section 100 of the CPC or formulating the required substantial question of la…

The respondent, Saurabh Bakshi, was convicted under Section 304A of the IPC for causing the deaths of two persons by rash and negligent driving. The trial magistrate sentenced him to one year of rigorous imprisonment and a fine; the High Court reduced the sentence to the 24 days already served, relying on the fact that…

The State of Uttar Pradesh challenged a writ petition filed under Art.226 that sought mandamus against certain respondents for alleged violations of excise licence rules and alleged fraud. The High Court, after examining the investigation, issued a series of sweeping directions ordering the creation of a separate inves…

The appellants, landowners whose properties were acquired under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894, filed multiple civil appeals seeking compensation. The Supreme Court noted that the factual matrix of each appeal—location of the land, acquisition notifications, and prior compensation determinations—mirrored earlier landma…

The appellant, a visually‑handicapped allottee of a fair‑price shop, challenged an appellate order that restored the original allottee's licence and cancelled her own allotment. The High Court dismissed her writ petition on the ground that she was not a necessary party. The Supreme Court examined whether a subsequent a…

The appellant Neeru Yadav challenged the Allahabad High Court's order granting bail to respondent No.2, a repeat offender accused of multiple heinous offences including murder and armed assault. The High Court had relied primarily on the doctrine of parity, noting that other co‑accused had been released on bail, and ha…

The case concerned a century‑old building in Lucknow covered by the Uttar Pradesh Urban Buildings (Regulation of Letting, Rent and Eviction) Act, 1972. The landlord, Anil Kalra, obtained a release order under s.16(1)(b) for demolition, but several occupants, allegedly placed by the respondents through a cooperative soc…

The appellants were selected for the post of Personal Assistant by the Uttar Pradesh Public Service Commission on 3 March 2000, before the reorganisation of Uttar Pradesh into Uttar Pradesh and Uttaranchal (now Uttarakhand) on 9 November 2000. After the reorganisation they exercised the option to serve Uttarakhand and …

The Gujarat High Court, in a public‑interest litigation, directed the State to compensate trusts and institutions for religious places damaged in the 2002 communal riots and appointed special officers to assess claims. The State responded by framing an ex‑gratia scheme limiting assistance to Rs 50,000 per place, subjec…

Raj Kumar Goel, a lower‑division clerk of the Punjab State Electricity Board, was found absent without leave and was disciplined with a punishment of stoppage of five annual increments without cumulative effect, also treating the period of absence as non‑duty. He sued the Board seeking a declaration that the order shou…

The petitioner, convicted under the 1993 Bombay bomb blasts and sentenced to death by a TADA court, sought a writ under Article 32 to stay the execution of the death warrant dated 30 April 2015, alleging procedural irregularities and that his curative petition had not been decided by a bench constituted as per Supreme …

The Committee of Management of Anuragi Devi Degree College sought a writ of mandamus directing Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University to extend its temporary affiliation for the 2015-16 academic session after the statutory deadline had passed. The college had applied for permanent affiliation, but the university fail…

The petitioners, convicted under the NDPS Act and sentenced to more than ten years' rigorous imprisonment, sought a writ of mandamus under Article 32 directing the authorities to grant them remission as per the Punjab Jail Manual. The Court examined whether Section 32A of the NDPS Act bars such remission and whether Ar…

The appellants, originally District Munsifs promoted to Sub‑Judges, were appointed as District & Sessions Judges (Grade II) to vacant Fast Track Courts (FTCs) under the 2001 Special Rules for Ad‑hoc Appointments. The respondents were later appointed as direct recruits to regular vacancies under the 1958 Rules. The appe…

The Punjab State Warehousing Corporation appealed against a High Court order that set aside the conviction of its former Godown Assistant, Bhushan Chander, for criminal breach of trust (IPC s.409) and related offences (s.467, 468, 471) on the ground that prosecution required prior sanction under CrPC s.197. The Supreme…

Lal Singh, convicted under the Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act and sentenced to life imprisonment, applied for premature release under CrPC ss.432 and 433 after being transferred to a Punjab jail. The Gujarat Government rejected his application; the Punjab High Court directed Gujarat to reconsider …

Lal Singh, a life convict also known as Manjeet Singh, filed a writ petition (Criminal) No. 181 of 2012 under Article 32 of the Constitution challenging the orders of the State of Punjab. The petition was heard by a two‑Judge Bench of the Supreme Court. The Court observed that the issues raised in the writ petition had…

Arun Kumar Yadav, a litigant, entered a courtroom on 5 September 2005 and shouted threatening, unparliamentary remarks at a Judicial Magistrate who was dictating an order. The magistrate lodged a complaint, and the Allahabad High Court framed a charge of criminal contempt under Section 12 of the Contempt of Courts Act,…

The case concerned an Assistant Foreman of an Ordnance Factory who was served a charge memo alleging bribery and challenged the disciplinary proceedings on the ground that the charge memo was issued by an authority subordinate to his appointing authority. The Central Administrative Tribunal quashed the charge memo, a d…

Mis. Casio India Co. Pvt. Ltd., a manufacturer of radio pagers in Haryana, claimed exemption from Central Sales Tax (CST) on inter‑state sales of goods it purchased from another dealer holding a valid exemption certificate under Rule 28A. The State of Haryana rejected the claim, contending that the exemption applied on…

M/s Neerja Realtors Pvt Ltd sued the deceased Janglu for specific performance of a land sale agreement. The trial court issued summons, but the bailiff reported that the defendant had vacated the premises and the summons were returned unserved. An application for substituted service under Order V Rule 20 was filed and …

The appellant's minor daughter was allegedly raped and, a few days later, his wife was murdered; the police investigation led to the acquittal of the accused in the rape case and a pending trial in the murder case. The appellant sought the transfer of the investigation to the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) citin…

The case concerned the detention of Abdu Rahiman under the Conservation of Foreign Exchange and Prevention of Smuggling Activities Act, 1974 (COFEPOSA). The detenu filed a representation against his detention, which was rejected by the competent authority; the rejection was communicated to him by an under‑secretary rat…

The Commissioner of Commercial Taxes of Kerala challenged a penalty of Rs.86 lakh imposed on K.T.C. Automobiles for allegedly evading Kerala sales tax by registering 263 cars sold from its Mahe branch under the Pondicherry Sales Tax Act. The High Court set aside the penalty, holding that the sale was completed at Mahe …

The petitioner, Manohar Lal Sharma, filed a writ petition under Article 32 seeking a direction that the film "Padmavati" not be exhibited abroad without a certificate from the Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) and that the CBI register an FIR against the film's producers under Section 7 of the Cinematograph Ac…

The appellant and a co-accused were intercepted while travelling in a car and six bags of poppy husk were seized from the vehicle. The appellant challenged the conviction under the NDPS Act, contending that the investigating officers had violated Sections 50 and 57 of the Act. The Supreme Court examined whether Section…

The incident arose when the deceased's cattle trespassed into the fields of the appellants, leading to a heated exchange. Later that day, while seated in adjacent compounds, an altercation escalated; the appellants, urged by others, fetched a gun and shot the deceased, who was also assaulted with lathis. The trial cour…

The respondents were convicted under IPC sections 323 and 498‑A and under Section 4 of the Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961, and sentenced to imprisonment and fine. They sought release on probation of good conduct under Section 4 of the Probation of Offenders Act, 1958. The question before the Supreme Court was whether Sect…

M/s Oswal Greentech Ltd., a holder of a recognition certificate under Section 4‑B of the Uttar Pradesh Trade Tax Act, purchased natural gas at a concessional rate using Form III‑B and used it to manufacture urea. Some of the finished urea was transferred out of Uttar Pradesh by way of stock transfer rather than by sale…

The appellant was convicted in two separate complaints under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act for issuing dishonoured cheques of Rs.5 lakh each, relating to two loans advanced by the same complainant on different dates but on identical terms. Both trials awarded ten months' simple imprisonment and a fine o…

The petition concerned the sale of 291 plots belonging to Vitta Mazda Ltd, a company under liquidation. The Official Liquidator, following orders of the Company Court, attempted to auction the plots at prices far below market value, prompting the petitioners to challenge the price fixation and the liquidation process. …

Five eminent citizens filed a writ petition under Article 32 on behalf of five human‑rights activists arrested in connection with the Bhima‑Koregaon violence. The petitioners alleged that the arrests were fabricated, that the police were using the media to prejudice public opinion, and sought a Special Investigating Te…

The Supreme Court of India, by a 4:1 majority, struck down the practice of excluding women aged 10 to 50 from the Sabarimala temple in Kerala. The Court held that the devotees of Lord Ayyappa do not constitute a separate religious denomination under Article 26 of the Constitution. The exclusionary practice was found no…

The landlord, Samar Pal Singh, sued his tenant, Chitranjan Singh, for eviction and arrears of rent under the Uttar Pradesh Urban Buildings (Regulation of Letting, Rent and Eviction) Act, 1972. The tenant deposited the full arrears with interest and costs, invoking protection under Section 20(4) of the Act. The High Cou…

The CBI alleged that Maninder Singh, together with a co‑accused, obtained credit facilities from New Bank of India by submitting forged documents and colluding with a bank manager, thereby cheating the bank of over Rs 10.62 lakh. After a lengthy investigation, a charge‑sheet was filed under Sections 420, 467, 468, 471 …

M/s. Galada Power and Telecommunication Ltd. claimed a transit loss of aluminium wire insured with United India Insurance Co. The loss was reported within a few days of delivery, and the insurer appointed a surveyor who confirmed the loss. Despite the surveyor's report, the insurer sent a repudiation letter stating the…

ACC Ltd entered into an agreement with Cochin Cement Ltd (CCL) whereby CCL would manufacture cement using raw material supplied by ACC and the cement would be marketed under ACC's brand. ACC claimed that, under Section 5(2) of the Kerala General Sales Tax Act, 1963, the sale made by CCL was the first sale and ACC's sub…

Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College, a constituent of Maharishi Markandeshwar University (created under the 2010 Act), was directed by the Himachal Pradesh Government to obtain affiliation from Himachal Pradesh University under the amended Section 3(6a) of the 2006 Private Medical Educational Institutions Act. The …

The appellant, previously acquitted of kidnapping and rape offences, repeatedly threatened and teased the victim, a teenage girl, leading her to set herself ablaze and die. The victim’s dying declaration, recorded by a Head Constable in the presence of a doctor, implicated the appellant as the sole cause of her death. …

The deceased, Chanabasayya, was killed when he fell from a tractor‑trailer owned by respondent No.2 while returning from unloading maize at Holealur. His father filed a claim under Section 166 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 seeking compensation from the insurer (respondent No.1), the vehicle owner (respondent No.2) an…

The case concerned a suit for possession of ancestral land that had been alienated by a gift deed. The original plaintiff, Mohinder Singh, obtained a declaratory decree in 1963 based on a compromise, but the decree was conditional on the death of the donor, Ujjagar Singh, which occurred in 1971. The decree sheet was fi…

Virupakshappa Gouda and another were charged under several IPC sections, including 302 and 149, for an alleged honour killing. They applied for bail repeatedly; the trial court and High Court rejected the first two applications and a Special Leave Petition, but a third application was granted bail by an Additional Sess…

Sugen Inc. and Pharmacia & Upjohn were granted Indian Patent No. 209251 for a pharmaceutical invention. Cipla Ltd. filed an opposition under Section 25(2) of the Patents Act, 1970, and the Controller revoked the patent on 24 September 2012 relying on the Opposition Board’s recommendation, but without furnishing the Boa…

The petitioners challenged the domicile‑based reservation for admission to super‑specialty medical courses in Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and Tamil Nadu, arguing that it violated Articles 14 and 16 and was contrary to national interest. The States relied on the 1974 Presidential Order issued under Article 371‑D and the 1…

The appeals arise from civil suits concerning title to the disputed Ayodhya structure and challenge the validity of the Acquisition of Certain Area at Ayodhya Act, 1993. The petitioners sought to refer the matter to a Constitution Bench, arguing that the observations in Dr. M. Ismail Faruqui v. Union of India (1994) – …

The petitioner challenged the constitutional validity of Section 497 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC), which criminalized adultery, and Section 198 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC), which restricted the right to prosecute for adultery to the husband. A five-judge Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court held that …

The appellant, Vice President of Masughat Gaon Panchayat, moved a no‑confidence motion against the President (respondent No. 6) under Section 15(1) of the Assam Panchayat Act, 1994. The required special meeting was convened by the Block Development Officer (BDO) rather than the Deputy Commissioner, who is statutorily m…

Aseer Jamal filed a writ petition under Article 32 seeking directions to the Union, States and Union Territories to create an effective mechanism for illiterate and visually impaired persons to obtain information under the Right to Information Act, 2005. The petitioner argued that Section 6(1) of the Act discriminates …

Surjit Singh filed a suit for specific performance of a land sale contract. The trial court dismissed the suit and rejected the plaintiff's application under Section 151 CPC to file bank statements as additional documents; the High Court affirmed this rejection. On appeal, the plaintiff sought to introduce the same ban…

A doctor was shot dead in his clinic and the accused, Deny Bora, was charged under Sections 302, 34 and 314 of the IPC and under the Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act (TADA). The Designated Court acquitted him of the TADA offences but convicted him for murder based solely on the testimony of PW‑14, w…

The plaintiff, a septuagenarian, filed a suit in 2007 for possession and damages. The trial proceeded with a prolonged examination-in-chief and the defendant repeatedly sought adjournments under Order XVII Rules 1 and 2, filing more than a dozen interlocutory applications on flimsy grounds, many of which were granted w…

The deceased Krishna Kumar Sahu died in a motorcycle accident; his heirs filed a claim under Section 166 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 seeking compensation. The Motor Accident Claims Tribunal held that the motorcycle was driven by the appellant's son, Prem Lal Rajawade, whose rash driving caused the accident, and awa…

The appellants filed a claim petition after Balvinder Kaur died in a collision where a Maruti car rear-ended a truck. The Motor Accident Claims Tribunal and the Uttarakhand High Court held that the car driver was at fault for not maintaining a safe distance and dismissed the claim, finding no negligence on the part of …

The case arose from the transfer of a corruption trial involving J. Jayalalithaa from Tamil Nadu to Karnataka. Karnataka appointed Bhavani Singh as Special Public Prosecutor for the trial, but Tamil Nadu later attempted to authorize him to appear before the Karnataka High Court for the appeal. The Supreme Court held th…

The NGT Bar Association (Western Zone) filed a writ petition under Article 32 seeking clarification on the appointment of an acting Chairperson of the National Green Tribunal after the incumbent’s term ended. The issue centered on the interpretation of Section 11 of the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010, which authoris…

The petition sought directions to the Union and State governments to prevent honour crimes, including honour killings, by mandating a national and state plan of action, special cells, and prosecution of offenders. The Court held that any torture or interference with an adult's choice of marriage, even if sanctioned by …

Hari Krishan Verma, an Additional Assistant Engineer with Punjab State Electricity Board, faced disciplinary actions and was deemed inefficient. Upon attaining the age of 55, a High Empowered Integrity Committee examined his entire service record, including past misconduct, and recommended his premature retirement unde…

The appellant, a young man, trespassed into the victim's house and poured acid on her head after his marriage proposal was rejected, causing grievous hurt. He was convicted under Sections 326 and 448 of the Indian Penal Code and sentenced by the trial court to one year of rigorous imprisonment with fines. The High Cour…

The plaintiff, Mohd. Farooq, filed a suit for a permanent prohibitory injunction to restrain the defendants, Zarif Ahmad and another, from interfering with his possession of plot No. 358, describing the land by its boundaries and municipal number. The trial court decreed in favour of the plaintiff, but the first appell…

The employee, Shree Lal Meena, sent a resignation letter on 14 July 1990, which was accepted on 11 January 1991. After the Life Insurance Corporation (Employees) Pension Rules, 1995 were introduced with retrospective effect from 1 November 1993, he claimed pension on the ground that Rule 3 made the Rules applicable to …

Vasant Sampat Dupare was convicted of raping and murdering a four‑year‑old girl. The prosecution relied on a chain of circumstantial evidence – eyewitnesses who saw the accused with the child, forensic matches of blood on the stones and the accused’s clothing, and the accused’s own disclosure leading police to the body…

The Supreme Court examined a slew of petitions seeking a referral of the M. Nagaraj judgment to a larger bench, focusing on the validity of its requirement that States collect quantifiable data on the backwardness of Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST) for promotion reservations. The Court held that while t…

The petitioners filed a writ under Article 32 seeking a declaration that Supreme Court proceedings of constitutional and national importance be live‑streamed and that a regulatory framework be established. The Court examined whether live‑streaming is compatible with the constitutional mandate of open courts, the rights…

Lok Prahari, a society, filed a public‑interest litigation seeking a declaration that a stay of conviction granted by an appellate court does not remove the disqualification of a sitting MLA/MP under Section 8 of the Representation of the People Act, 1951, and that the legislative seat becomes vacant from the date of c…

Ms. Indira Jaising, appearing as counsel for an intervenor in Tehseen Poonawalla v. Union of India, filed a Miscellaneous Application seeking to expunge Supreme Court remarks that the conduct of counsel for the petitioners and intervenors amounted to prima facie contempt of court. She contended that the observations in…

The appellant Uttaradi Mutt filed a suit for injunction against the respondent Raghavendra Swamy Mutt, which was dismissed by the trial court. On appeal, the respondent sought to produce additional evidence under Order XLI Rule 27 of the CPC; the First Appellate Court rejected these applications while allowing the appe…

E Krishna Rao and another, employed on contract as TV News Correspondent and TV Assistant News Correspondent, opted to be treated as government servants under the Indian Broadcasting (Programme) Service Rules, 1990. After twelve years without promotion, they approached the Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT) claiming…

The Supreme Court examined contempt petitions filed by Writers & Publishers Ltd. (WPL) alleging non‑compliance of its own order dated 17 May 2018, which directed a full refund of WPL’s investment in the failed revival of the multi‑state cooperative society Super Bazar along with 6% interest. The Court held that the ord…

Patel Ahmed Mohammad, a Rajya Sabha member, was challenged by Balwant Singh Rajput in an election petition alleging corrupt practices and vote irregularities. The appellant filed three applications for dismissal of the petition: (i) on the basis that office objections under Gujarat High Court Rules were not removed (Ap…

The Supreme Court upheld the constitutional validity of the Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and Other Subsidies, Benefits and Services) Act, 2016, which provides a unique identity number to residents based on biometric and demographic data. The petitioners challenged the Act on grounds of violation of the right…

The State of Madhya Pradesh alleged that Surendra Kori, a Deputy Registrar, facilitated the registration of over one hundred forged sale deeds to enable fictitious buyers to claim benefits under a Special Rehabilitation Package for the Sardar Sarovar Project. FIRs and charge‑sheets were filed under IPC sections 420, 46…

The Gujarat Transport Department floated a tender for manpower services with conditions that the salary paid must not be less than the minimum wage and that bids must be fixed, not open‑ended. Three bidders qualified; the Technical Evaluation Committee fixed a minimum‑wage figure of Rs 3,00,92,346, rendering the bids o…

Arbind, a headmaster, was suspended pending a departmental enquiry and was required to remain at the headquarters. His salary and subsistence allowance were not paid, forcing him to leave the headquarters due to poverty, after which he missed the enquiry and was dismissed ex‑parte. He challenged the dismissal; the High…

The case arose from a violent incident in 1994 in which five accused persons allegedly attacked the family of informant Bhola Singh, resulting in the death of three of his sons. The trial court convicted all six accused of murder and related offences, sentencing two of them to death and the others to life imprisonment.…

The Nashik Workers Union filed several complaints under the Maharashtra Recognition of Trade Unions and Prevention of Unfair Labour Practices Act, 1971 seeking reinstatement and back wages for trainees of Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL). The dispute turned on whether, for HAL, the "appropriate Government" under Sec…

The appellant, Dhirendra Kumar, was convicted of murdering Surat Singh by striking him on the head with a stone. The prosecution presented eye‑witnesses, the widow of the deceased, and corroborative testimony establishing prior enmity and a motive. The accused claimed he was falsely implicated and that the incident was…

The appellant, Tejram Patil, was convicted of murdering his wife Savita by pouring kerosene and setting her on fire; Savita’s mother Prabhabai and the landlady Vimal also sustained burn injuries and died. The trial court admitted Prabhabai’s dying declaration (OD) to prove the cause of Prabhabai’s death but rejected Sa…

The appellant, K.P. Manu, born to Christian parents, reconverted to Hinduism at age 24 and obtained a Hindu Pulaya caste certificate. The Scrutiny Committee and the Kerala High Court cancelled the certificate, holding that his Christian birth precluded Scheduled Caste status. The Supreme Court examined whether a person…

The Supreme Court examined whether it could compel Parliament to enact a law disqualifying candidates against whom serious criminal charges have been framed and whether it could direct the Election Commission to deny such candidates the use of a party's reserved symbol. The Court held that disqualification is a matter …

Navin Kumar Singh, an executive of Coal India Ltd., was transferred from Dankuni Coal Complex (DCC) to its subsidiary CMPDIL on his own request. The company's policy stated that seniority in the new company would be reckoned from the date of transfer, but it was unclear whether past service in the parent unit could be …

The appellant-wife filed a Section 125 CrPC maintenance petition in 2003 after her husband, a Canadian permanent resident, failed to bring her to Canada and allegedly obstructed her visa. The Family Court awarded Rs.10,000 per month from July 2003 to December 2010 and denied maintenance thereafter, finding the husband …

The petitioner filed a writ petition under Article 32 seeking a direction to bar Members of Parliament, Legislative Assemblies and Councils from practising as advocates while holding office, invoking Bar Council of India Rule 49 which prohibits advocates from being full‑time salaried employees. The Court examined wheth…

The Union of India challenged an arbitral award made in its favour by Hardy Exploration and Production (India) Inc, contending that Indian courts had jurisdiction to entertain a Section 34 application despite the arbitration agreement specifying Kuala Lumpur as the "venue" for proceedings. The Delhi High Court held tha…

The husband and wife were convicted of murder under Section 302 IPC for the death of Asaram, who they alleged had raped the wife. The trial and High Courts upheld the conviction, but the Supreme Court examined medical evidence, eyewitness testimony, and the dying declaration, finding the death homicidal but caused in a…

The State of Rajasthan appealed against a Special Judge's order granting Rs.1,50,000 compensation to two accused persons, Jainudeen and Shabbir, who were acquitted under the NDNDPS Act after a forensic report, delayed by two years, showed no contraband. The trial judge had based the compensation on alleged malice and t…

Satya Pal Anand, a septuagenarian, claimed that a plot of land allotted to his mother by a cooperative society was unlawfully cancelled by the society through a Deed of Extinguishment dated 9‑8‑2001, and that subsequent sale deeds to third parties were also void. The Sub‑Registrar refused to cancel the extinguishment d…

The Vaish Aggarwal Panchayat, a society, filed a declaration suit in 2001 seeking to declare a 1998 decree and subsequent sale deed as void on grounds of fraud and collusion, after having earlier objected to the execution of that decree. The respondents, who were parties to the original 1993 suit, moved an application …

The appellant, Sergeant Chaman Lal, a disabled airman classified as medical category A4G4 (P), claimed that he was discriminated against in promotion to Junior Warrant Officer because officers with higher disability percentages were promoted. He relied on Section 47 of the Persons with Disabilities Act, 1995, arguing i…

The petitioner, Pankaj Kumar Vishnoi, son of a Head Constable who died in service, was initially given a compassionate appointment as Constable. He later sought a compassionate appointment as Sub‑Inspector without undergoing the required physical test, after having failed such a test earlier. The High Court directed th…

The petitioners sought directions for the Union, State Governments and Union Territories to comply with the Supreme Court's earlier orders on the Persons with Disabilities Act, 1995, noting that the Act had been repealed and replaced by the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016. The Court examined the legislati…

The appellant Dinesh was convicted for the death of his wife Manju Bala, who committed suicide by ingesting a pesticide within four years of marriage. The prosecution alleged that Dinesh and his brothers repeatedly harassed the deceased for additional dowry items such as a television and a gold chain, and barred her pa…

M/s. Hamdard (Waqf) Laboratories, a manufacturer of the sweetened non‑alcoholic beverage Rooh Afza, disputed the classification of its product under the Central Excise Tariff, which led to a refund claim of Rs 3.74 crore. The refund was granted by the Assistant Commissioner on 16 Nov 2000, but no interest was paid. The…

Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Ltd. appealed a Delhi High Court order that had held the Code of Civil Procedure (CPC) applicable to an appeal under Section 37 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 and had entertained a cross‑objection under Order XLII Rule 22 CPC. The Supreme Court examined whether the 1996 Act is a…

Shamsher Singh Verma was charged under IPC 354 and the POCSO Act for allegedly molesting his nine‑year‑old niece. The accused filed an application under Section 294 of the CrPC to have a compact disc containing a recorded conversation between the victim's father, the accused's son and his wife played in court and sent …

The Commercial Taxes Officer appealed against A Infrastructure Ltd's claim of Input Tax Credit (ITC) on raw material used to manufacture asbestos cement sheets. The assessing authority had disallowed the ITC, contending that the final product was exempted under Notification S.O. 377/2007, and therefore the goods were "…

The appellant sought probate of a will of her deceased brother, but two respondents—Yasheel Jain, claiming to be the testator's nephew and beneficiary under an alleged earlier will, and Malati Tulshan, claiming to be the testator's second wife—filed caveats. The Calcutta High Court rejected the appellant's prayer to di…

The petitioners were appointed as Chairmen, Vice‑Chairmen and members of Agricultural Market Committees under the Andhra Pradesh (Agricultural Produce and Livestock) Markets Act, 1966. After the creation of Telangana in 2014, the State promulgated Ordinance No.1 of 2014 reducing the size of the committees, shortening t…

The appellant filed a private complaint under Section 200 CrPC alleging forgery and fraud in connection with a machinery supply contract, leading the magistrate to take cognizance of offences under Sections 425, 468 and 471 IPC. The respondents obtained a stay of the cognizance by invoking Section 195(1)(b)(ii) CrPC, a…

The West Bengal State Election Commission sought to set aside a Division Bench of the Calcutta High Court order that directed acceptance of nomination papers filed electronically for the 2018 Panchayat elections. The High Court had justified its direction on the ground of ensuring free and fair elections and on a readi…

M/S Colgate Palmolive (India) Ltd imported dentifrice products from Nepal and claimed exemption from customs duties under Notification No. 37/96 issued pursuant to the India‑Nepal Treaty of Trade. After the introduction of Section 3A of the Customs Tariff Act in 1998, a Special Additional Duty (SAD) was levied on the i…

The State of Haryana prosecuted 148 workers for offences including murder arising from a factory fire. After the prosecution examined 102 witnesses and the accused gave statements under Section 313 CrPC, the defence sought recall of several prosecution witnesses under Section 311 CrPC, alleging that the lead counsel ha…

The Tamil Nadu Medical Officers Association challenged Regulation 9(iv) and 9(vii) of the Post‑Graduate Medical Education Regulations, 2000, alleging that the provisions barred states from creating a separate entry stream for in‑service doctors seeking postgraduate degree seats and were violative of Articles 14 and 19(…

The dispute arose from a share purchase agreement where KCP and its nominees, including Cheran Properties Limited (the appellant), were to acquire shares of SPIL from KSL. The parties later entered arbitration, which awarded KSL the return of share documents and payment of Rs 3.58 crore. The award attained finality, an…

The Supreme Court examined the murder of Patrangi Ramanaiah, who was stabbed by a group of accused during an unlawful assembly. The trial court and High Court had convicted most of the accused under Sections 302, 148 and 324 IPC, relying on eyewitness testimony, a dying declaration, and forensic evidence, while acquitt…

The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) entered into a FIDIC‑based contract with M/s ITD Cementation for highway widening, which contained price‑adjustment clauses (70.1‑70.8) and a provision that all duties, taxes and levies existing 28 days before bid submission were to be included in the bid price. After the…

The State of Madhya Pradesh claimed ownership of 45 bighas of land acquired in 1946 for an industrial area, which had been leased to the plaintiff Nomi Singh for one year in 1951. The plaintiffs asserted title as Bhumiswamis based on an alleged oral patta from the former Zamindar and later pleaded adverse possession af…

Punra Devi, appointed as an Anganwadi Helper (AWH) at the Chori centre in Himachal Pradesh, applied for promotion to Anganwadi Worker (AWW) at the Hardeeppur centre, invoking a 2012 communication from the Director of Social Justice and Empowerment that gave priority to AWHs for vacant AWW posts in the same centre. The …

The appellants filed a suit for permanent injunction in 2004 describing the suit property as Survey No.192/9. During the trial they discovered that the respondents had transferred the patta and executed an Inam Settlement Deed referring to the same land as Survey No.192/14, creating a confusion about the identity of th…

The Supreme Court entertained Civil Appeal No. 19662 of 2017 filed by the Medical Council of India against the G.C.R.G. Memorial Trust, which had been debarred from admitting medical students for the 2017‑18 and 2018‑19 academic years. The High Court, despite a Supreme Court order dated 28‑08‑2017 prohibiting any inter…

The appellant, Ranjit Sarkar, was convicted of murder under Section 302 IPC for delivering a single blow with a wooden file to the head of the deceased, Anil Das, who later died from head injuries. The prosecution alleged multiple injuries, while the defence argued that only one blow caused the death, making it culpabl…

The Supreme Court examined a dispute arising from a sale agreement where the buyer paid Rs.60,000 as earnest money and agreed to pay the balance upon execution of a sale deed. The buyer sought specific performance, possession and injunction, but the sellers refused to execute the deed, questioning the measurement of th…

The case concerned a single clerk post in a U.P. Intermediate College governed by the U.P. Intermediate Education Act, 1921. The college's regulations required that 50% of sanctioned posts be filled by promotion, with a note that a single post would be deemed as one when calculating the 50% quota. The petitioner argued…

Anand Kishore Gautam, a senior accountant, died while in service, leaving a widow and three children. The widow applied for a compassionate appointment in a Group C post, but the application was rejected because the family had received terminal benefits exceeding the Rs 3 lakh ceiling stipulated in the compassionate ap…

The appellants, two candidates who scored the required marks for MBBS admission, were declared ineligible on the ground of partial colour‑vision deficiency (CVD). They challenged the decision of the Medical Council of India (MCI) and the State of Tripura before the High Court, which dismissed their writ petition, holdi…

The Supreme Court considered applications by the States of Mizoram and Assam seeking exemption from the 500‑metre distance requirement for liquor outlets imposed by its earlier judgment in State of Tamil Nadu v. K. Balu. The Court had previously exempted Meghalaya, Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh on the ground of their hi…

The Supreme Court was asked to interpret paragraph 7 of its 11 July 2017 order, which dealt with prohibiting the sale of liquor along highways but clarified that it did not apply to licensed establishments within municipal areas. The petitioners sought a further clarification to determine whether the same principle sho…

The State of Himachal Pradesh filed a petition seeking the same liquor‑sale concession that the Supreme Court had granted to the State of Uttarakhand for its hilly districts. The Court noted its earlier order of 31 March 2017, which limited Himachal Pradesh’s exemption to areas with local bodies of population not excee…

The appellant, K.V. Prakash Babu, was convicted under Sections 498‑A and 306 of the IPC for the suicide of his wife, who allegedly suspected him of an extra‑marital affair. The prosecution alleged that the husband's alleged relationship and the resulting suspicion constituted mental cruelty that drove the wife to kill …

The Ponnaiyah Ramajayam Institute of Medical Sciences (PRIMS) applied for a Letter of Permission (LOP) to start a new medical college for the 2016‑17 academic year and sought renewal for 2017‑18. Conditional LOP was granted for 2016‑17, but subsequent inspections by the Medical Council of India (MCI) revealed persisten…

The appellant, a landowner, entered into a Memorandum of Understanding with a builder to construct a multi‑storey building, with the completed flats to be shared 40% to the landowner and 60% to the builder. The agreement required completion within 19 months and stipulated rent payable for delay. The construction was de…

The State of Madhya Pradesh challenged the imposition of entry tax on Marico Industries' products Mediker and Revive instant starch. The issue was whether Mediker, marketed as an anti‑lice treatment, should be classified as a shampoo under Schedule II Entry 32 of the Madhya Pradesh Entry Tax Act, 1976, or as a drug/med…

R.P. Singh, an Assistant Engineer in CPWD, faced departmental proceedings for alleged misconduct. The Inquiry Officer found the charges unproved, but the Disciplinary Authority disagreed, sought advice from the UPSC, received a recommendation to reduce his pay, and imposed the penalty, communicating the UPSC advice onl…

The case arose from a clash between two groups in 1997 where the appellant, Ramesh Kumar @ Babla, was alleged to have struck the complainant with a sword, causing head injuries. The trial court convicted him under Section 307 of the IPC for attempted murder and sentenced him to three years' rigorous imprisonment, a dec…

The wife filed an application under Sections 12, 18‑22 of the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 seeking maintenance for herself and her children, alleging mental and physical abuse, the husband’s second marriage and failure to pay alimony after a dismissed divorce petition. The Sessions Court dismiss…

The petition sought judicial directions on the selection of chairpersons, judicial, administrative, technical and expert members of various tribunals under the Tribunal, Appellate Tribunal and Other Authorities (Qualification, Experience and Other Conditions of Service of Members) Rules, 2017. The Supreme Court, after …

Laxmanram Poonia enlisted in the Indian Army in 2005 and was diagnosed with acute schizophrenia in 2007, leading to his invalidation in 2009 with a 60% disability rating. The Medical Board concluded the disability was neither attributable to nor aggravated by military service, and the Armed Forces Tribunal rejected his…

Mis. Jayasawals NECO Ltd., a power‑intensive industry, challenged the Chhattisgarh State Electricity Regulatory Commission’s imposition of minimum monthly charges based on a 30% load‑factor for FY 2005‑2006. The Commission, after reviewing the appellant’s consumption pattern, reduced the minimum charge to 10% load‑fact…

Bussa Overseas & Properties Ltd. sought a refund of excess provisional customs duty under Section 18(2) of the Customs Act, 1962. The customs authority directed the claim to be made under Section 27(2) and the appellants contested this, filing a writ petition. The High Court dismissed the writ and, on review, rejected …

The petitioners, ICARE Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, sought approval and recognition under Section 11(2) of the Indian Medical Council Act, 1956 for MBBS courses. The Medical Council of India (MCI) conducted several inspections, including a surprise compliance‑verification inspection on 24‑April‑2017, and f…

The dispute arose from an arbitral award dated 20 July 1984 under the Arbitration Act, 1940, which was made a rule of the court and later reduced in interest rate. The appellant sought execution of the award, and the State (respondent) deposited Rs 75,65,945, after which the executing court ordered the State to deposit…

An arbitral award dated 20 July 1984, made a rule of the court in 1986, was being executed when the State of Uttar Pradesh deposited Rs 75,65,945 and was later directed by the executing court to deposit an additional Rs 1,25,16,969.56, which the State objected to. The State filed a civil revision, and the High Court, i…

The appellant was declared elected as Ward Councilor on 28 January 2016. The first respondent filed an election petition under Section 176 of the Haryana Panchayati Raj Act on 10 February 2016, withdrew it on 1 March 2016 and was given liberty to file a fresh petition, which she did on 2 March 2016—beyond the 30‑day pe…

M/s Sonell Clocks and Gifts Ltd. had an insurance policy covering its plant and machinery. Flood damage occurred on 4 August 2004, but the insurer was notified only on 30 November 2004, well beyond the 15‑day period required by Clause 6 of the policy. The insurer appointed a surveyor, whose report concluded that the cl…

The appellant, a developer, was ordered by the Bombay High Court to hand over eight flats and sixteen parking spaces to the plaintiff under a settlement agreement between the plaintiff and another respondent, even though the appellant had no direct contract with the plaintiff. The appellant challenged the High Court's …

The petition filed by Shailesh Manubhai Parmar, the Chief Whip of the INC in Gujarat, challenged the Election Commission's circulars that introduced the "None of the Above" (NOTA) option in Rajya Sabha (Council of States) elections. The Court examined whether NOTA, which was introduced for direct elections to Parliamen…

The Supreme Court, hearing a writ petition under Article 32, clarified the superannuation ages for members of several statutory tribunals. It held that a member of the Central Sales Tax Tribunal (CESTAT) shall serve until the age of 62 years, while the President may serve until 65 years. Similarly, a member of the Inco…

The Supreme Court examined whether clause 7 of a Contractor's All Risk insurance policy constituted a valid arbitration clause. The clause stipulated that arbitration would apply only if the insurer admitted liability and a dispute arose over the quantum payable. The insurer, United India Insurance, had repudiated the …

The case arose from the killing of nine persons and injuries to many villagers in Netai, West Bengal, where the CBI investigated and filed a charge sheet against 21 accused, some of whom were absconders. After the charge sheet, several proclaimed offenders were arrested and the CBI sought police remand under Section 16…

The case concerned the murder of Bhavna Tripathi, the daughter‑in‑law of accused No.1 (Shashi Tripathi), who was alleged to have hired contract killers (accused Nos.2 and 4) to kill her over a domestic dispute. The sole eyewitness, a 13‑year‑old servant (PW‑21), identified the accused and described how accused No.4 cau…

The appellant filed an appeal in the Delhi High Court but, due to a clerical error, the vakalatnama of his new counsel was not filed and no lawyer appeared for either party at the final hearing. Despite the absence of representation, the High Court examined the merits of the case and dismissed the appeal. The appellant…

The appeal concerned the interpretation of Section 2(d) of the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act, 2012, where the appellant, a mentally retarded adult, argued that "age" should include mental age so that she could be treated as a child. The Court examined the POCSO Act's objects and reasons, its d…

The appellants, directors of Mukka Welfare Society, were summoned in a criminal complaint alleging breach of trust and cheating in respect of a 1996 sale of society land. The complainant, not a member of the society, filed the complaint more than a decade after the deeds were executed, despite an earlier police investi…

The respondent, a District Manager of the Food Corporation of India, was penalised under Regulation 60 of the FCI (Staff) Regulations, 1971 for alleged neglect of duties, resulting in a fine and censure. He challenged the disciplinary order, contending that the Chairman‑cum‑Managing Director had not complied with Regul…

The appellant challenged the election of respondent No.1 to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly on the ground that the Returning Officer had improperly accepted the respondent's nomination form, which contained blank columns and lacked signatures on each page, violating the Representation of People Act, 1951. The r…

Ram Kishan Fauji challenged the Haryana Lokayukta's recommendation to register an FIR and investigate alleged corruption. The Punjab & Haryana High Court, sitting as a Single Judge, quashed the recommendation and the FIR under a writ petition filed under Article 226. The State appealed the judgment via a Letters Patent…

The appellants, who cleared the Uttar Pradesh Post Graduate Medical Entrance Examination but were not allotted seats in the first round of counselling, filed a writ petition seeking a mandamus directing the State to conduct second, third and mop‑up rounds of counselling as prescribed in the information brochure. The Hi…

Vasanti purchased a residential property on 26 June 1982 from the heirs of Ramnathan Chettiar and sought a declaration of title and possession. The original occupant, Venugopal (deceased), claimed he had a 1975 agreement of sale with the same owner, had paid part consideration, taken possession and invoked Section 53A …

The appellant-landlord filed a suit in 1992 seeking a permanent injunction against the tenant for constructing a permanent structure without consent, invoking Section 13(b) of the Bombay Rents, Hotel and Lodging House Rates Control Act, 1947. The trial court partially decreed the suit, but the High Court later dismisse…

In a village in Gujarat, two rival groups clashed, resulting in a free fight in which appellant No.1 Pathubha Govindji Rathod was stabbed with a knife and subsequently fired a revolver, killing Natha Nagabhai. Both appellant No.1 and appellant No.2 Hemubha Govindji were convicted under Section 302/304 read with Section…

Vinod Kumar, an octroi inspector, was convicted under Sections 7 and 13(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 for demanding and accepting a bribe of Rs.500. The prosecution relied on the recovery of the tainted notes, the testimony of an independent clerk (PW‑6), a shadow witness (PW‑7) who was later declared ho…

The appellant, a wife, filed an application under Section 12 of the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 seeking seizure of her stridhan held by her husband after they were judicially separated. The trial court, Sessions Court and High Court dismissed the application on the grounds that she was no longe…

The Aurangabad Municipal Corporation invited an online BOT tender for replacing street lights with LED fittings. Elektron Lighting Systems and its joint venture were awarded the work order after their technical bid was accepted and price bid negotiated, while two other bidders were disqualified. The successful bidder h…

The Managing Director of a company was injured while travelling in a car owned by the company and insured with National Insurance Company Ltd. He claimed compensation under Sections 140, 147 and 166 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, and the Motor Accident Claim Tribunal held the insurer liable. The insurer appealed, arg…

The appellants, Mis Shobikaa Impex Pvt. Ltd. and a related entity, submitted a bid for a government tender to supply long‑lasting insecticide nets but failed to produce a Central Insecticide Board (CIB) registration certificate at the time of bid opening. The tender documents, as amended, required the registration cert…

The suit involved a self‑acquired, intestate property of the deceased Pemmada Venkateswara Rao, which devolved equally among his wife, three sons and three daughters under the Hindu Succession Act. The plaintiffs sought specific performance of a sale agreement that was executed only by two of the six co‑heirs, who did …

Satvir Singh, an Inspector Customs, was accused of demanding and accepting a bribe from complainant Ramesh Suri in 1989. The trial court acquitted him, finding that the prosecution had not proved the demand, acceptance, or recovery of illegal gratification and that the presumption under Section 20 of the Prevention of …

The case involved a US‑born minor girl, M, whose mother (the appellant) fled the United States with her to India and filed for divorce. The father (respondent No.2) obtained a US custody order and sought a writ of habeas corpus in Delhi to have the child returned to the US. The Delhi High Court ordered her return, but …

The State of Assam, in a boundary dispute with the State of Nagaland, sought the production of additional topographical maps from a Survey of India witness during the trial. An earlier order of the Court had already permitted the production of certain maps, but Assam required more documents that were not in its possess…

The appellant was detained under the National Security Act, 1980 on 12 July 2017, and the District Magistrate reported the detention to the State Government only on 17 July 2017, a five‑day delay. The petitioner challenged the detention on the ground that the report was not made "forthwith" as required by Section 3(4) …

Ashok Kumar, a 30‑year‑old salesman earning Rs 3,000 per month, died in a bus accident. His heirs filed a claim under Section 166 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988. The Motor Accident Claims Tribunal awarded only Rs 50,000, while the High Court increased the award to Rs 3,98,500 but neither added a benefit for future pro…

Indian Bank granted a term loan to Yelagiri Dairy Farm and secured it by mortgaging 6.10 acres of land. When the loan became a non‑performing asset, the bank invoked the SARFAESI Act, took possession and sold the property. The borrowers contended that the land was agricultural and therefore exempt from the Act, while t…

M/s. Kap Cones, a manufacturer of paper cones, was penalised by the Commissioner of Central Excise for disallowing Cenvat credit and for other violations. The Committee of Chief Commissioners, after reviewing the Commissioner’s order, directed the Commissioner to file an appeal before the Customs, Excise and Service Ta…

The appellants were charged with murder and related offences under the IPC. The trial court issued summons and warrants but failed to verify whether they were served, recorded that witnesses were absent and acquitted the accused under Section 232 CrPC. The informant filed a criminal revision under Section 401 CrPC; the…

The complainant, dissatisfied with a magazine cover that featured the petitioner with the caption "God of Big Deals," filed a complaint under Section 295A read with Section 34 of the Indian Penal Code before a magistrate in Andhra Pradesh. The petitioner sought transfer of the proceedings to Karnataka and simultaneousl…

The appellants, joint owners of a property, entered into development agreements with the respondent which contained an arbitration clause. A dispute arose and an arbitrator awarded in favour of the respondent, but the award was unreasoned. The appellants challenged the award under Section 34 of the Arbitration and Conc…

Halliburton Offshore Services and others sought to challenge the revocation of a Provisional Certificate of Registry (PCOR) issued for the vessel Sita Devi. The Supreme Court examined the statutory requirements under Section 40 of the Merchant Shipping Act, 1958 for granting a PCOR and whether such a certificate could …

The plaintiffs filed a suit for a permanent injunction to restrain the defendants from trespassing and demolishing the boundary fence of their property. The trial court decreed the injunction in favour of the plaintiffs and the first appellate court affirmed that decree. The High Court entertained a second appeal under…

The Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) sought eviction of several respondents from a licensed premises under the Public Premises (Eviction of Unauthorised Occupants) Act, 1971. The Estate Officer ordered eviction; the respondents appealed to the Appellate Officer, identified as the District Judge/Principal Judge…

The appellant surrendered before the Chief Judicial Magistrate on 5 July 2013 and was remanded to judicial custody. He applied for bail on 3 October 2013 under Section 167(2) of the Criminal Procedure Code, claiming that the charge sheet had not been filed within the statutory 90‑day period. The magistrate, noting an e…

The father of Revat Singh, a driver with the Rajasthan State Road Transport Corporation, died in service, and Singh applied for a compassionate appointment as a driver. The corporation rejected his application because he did not meet the minimum qualifications – he had only passed the 8th standard and possessed a licen…

The petitioner, an Indian shipping company, entered into an agency agreement with a Bangladeshi shipping firm. The petitioner alleged breach of the agreement and claimed a sum of USD 134,875.88. The agreement contained a clause stating that any dispute not settled amicably shall be resolved by arbitration governed by I…

The Himachal Pradesh Government advertised a vacancy for a part‑time female member of the State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission. A Selection Committee, chaired by the Commission President and comprising two Principal Secretaries, interviewed candidates and prepared a panel based solely on performance, placing Su…

Janabai, a member of the Gram Panchayat Kalamba (Mahali), was challenged for continuing in office because her husband and father‑in‑law had encroached on government land since 1981 and she was using the land. The question was whether Section 14(1)(j‑3) of the Maharashtra Village Panchayat Act, 1958 disqualifies a membe…

The appellant, a director of Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency Ltd, had taken a loan of Rs 11.5 crore which was disbursed on 28 February 2002. The loan agreement required repayment of installments by post‑dated cheques, which were described as "security". Several of these cheques were dishonoured and a crimina…

The CBI prosecuted Vikram Doshi and others for fraud involving bank loans, forged letters of credit, and diversion of funds to fictitious companies, alleging offences under IPC sections 420, 406 and others. The bank later settled the civil dispute, paid a sum and issued a "no due certificate", after which the Bombay Hi…

The parties entered into a construction contract containing an arbitration clause, and an award was rendered on 11 November 2010. The respondent later filed a Section 11 application in the High Court seeking appointment of an arbitrator, claiming the clause was invalid; the application was dismissed. Subsequently, on 2…