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986 judgments · newest first · showing 401–600
Ashok Kumar Sharma, a loader employed by Oberoi Flight Services since 1980, was dismissed in 1986 after being caught with 30 soup spoons in his shoe and allegedly admitting guilt. The dismissal was effected without any enquiry, charge‑sheet or show‑cause notice. The Labour Court held the dismissal …
Anita Nandrajog, an accounts clerk of Bank of Baroda, was absent without leave for more than 150 consecutive days on multiple occasions. The bank invoked Clause 17(b) of the Fifth Bipartite Settlement (dated 10‑April‑1989) and issued a notice on 26‑June‑1989 requiring her to report within 30 days, …
The Supreme Court examined whether Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation (MSRTC) could be compelled to grant permanent status, wages and benefits to bus‑cleaners who had been employed as casuals, and whether complaints filed by an unrecognised union under item 6 of Schedule IV of the …
The Supreme Court examined whether V. Venkatesan, a former employee of Metropolitan Transport Corporation who was terminated in 1996 and later reinstated in 2004, was entitled to full back wages under Section 33C(2) of the Industrial Disputes Act despite having been enrolled and practicing as an …
The Supreme Court examined whether daily‑wage employees appointed without following recruitment rules were entitled to "equal pay for equal work" with regular staff. It held that the doctrine, rooted in Article 39(d) and Article 14 of the Constitution, can be invoked only when the claimants perform …
The Gujarat Agricultural University and the All Gujarat Kamdar Karmachari Union entered into a settlement in 1980 governing the conditions of service of daily‑rated workers. After a notice to terminate the settlement, the University, following a Gujarat Government notification, declared the 2nd and …
Biecco Lawrie Ltd. dismissed a mazdoor, Provash Chandra Mondal, for major misconduct including insubordination and abusive language. The industrial tribunal initially upheld the dismissal, but on remand set it aside, citing violation of natural justice. The High Court affirmed the tribunal’s order, …
The respondent, Sanjay, worked as a casual chowkidar for the District Manager of HAFED in Jind from August to December 1998 (145 days) and thereafter for the District Manager of HAFED in Hissar from January to May 1999 (112 days). He claimed that, having completed more than 240 days of continuous …
Jagbir Singh was engaged as a daily wager by the Haryana State Agriculture Marketing Board from 1 September 1995 until his termination on 18 July 1996. He alleged that the termination violated Section 25F of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 and sought reinstatement with back wages. The Labour Court …
The Supreme Court examined whether employees hired on daily‑wage, nominal muster‑roll, consolidated‑pay or as contingent workers in Andhra Pradesh could be regularised after five years of service and whether the 1998 amendments to the Andhra Pradesh (Regulation of Appointments to Public Services and …
Kamruddin, a bus conductor employed on probation by the Rajasthan State Road Transport Corporation, was caught five times for not issuing tickets to passengers. After a warning, a disciplinary enquiry was held, found him guilty, and terminated his services. The Labour Court, invoking Section 11A of …
The workman Gurmail Singh was employed intermittently as a bulldozer operator on 89‑day contracts from November 1990 until his termination on 15 July 1996. He claimed that his dismissal without notice, enquiry or compensation amounted to retrenchment under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 and …
The plaintiff, an employee of Apollo Tyres Ltd., filed a civil suit seeking declaration that he remained a workman, challenging his transfer, restraining the employer from forcing a promotion, and protecting his trade‑union activities. The employer contended that the civil court lacked jurisdiction …
The workman, a daily‑wage employee of Krishna Bhagya Jala Nigam Ltd., claimed that his termination in 1996 violated Section 25‑F of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, and sought reinstatement with back wages. The Labour Court held the termination illegal and ordered reinstatement, but the employer …
The respondent, a Badli Conductor employed by Bangalore Metropolitan Transport Corporation, was removed from the list of Badli Conductors in 1995 for alleged unauthorized absence. He later filed a claim under Section 10(4-A) of the Industrial Disputes Act, which he withdrew, and subsequently raised …
The Supreme Court examined whether circular letters issued by the Uttar Pradesh Government in 1995 and 1996 could be treated as the "notified orders" required under the Uttar Pradesh Absorption of Retrenched Employees of Government of Public Corporations in Government Services Rules, 1991, which …
The Sarva Shramik Sangh, representing canteen workers employed by a contractor of Indian Oil Corporation (IOC), first filed a writ petition seeking abolition of the contract labour system under the Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970, which was dismissed for want of prosecution. It …
The International Airport Authority of India (IAAI) terminated a licence with a private ground‑handling firm, after which the firm’s workers formed a cooperative society and entered into a contract‑labour agreement with IAAI. The workers later sought absorption as regular employees, alleging that …
Bilash Chandra Ojha, a compositor engaged on a casual basis by a printing press of the Orissa Government's Agricultural Department, was terminated in October 1981. He claimed the termination was illegal under Section 25F of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, asserting that he had worked more than …
Mrs. Manju Saxena, a staff officer of Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corp., was terminated after the bank discontinued her post and paid her a severance package of about Rs 8.17 lakh. The Government of India referred the dispute to the Central Government Industrial Tribunal, which issued an interim …
Mahendra Ram was hired by P.V.K. Distillery Ltd. in 1981, became a permanent workman in 1982, and was terminated orally in 1985. He approached the Labour Court, which held that his termination was illegal, ordered his reinstatement with full back wages, and the High Court affirmed that award. The …
V.V.G. Reddy, a bus conductor employed by the Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation, was dismissed following disciplinary proceedings. The Labour Court, on a consent award, ordered his reinstatement with continuity of service but expressly denied back wages and attendant benefits. Reddy …
The Rajasthan State Road Transport Corporation (a State corporation) terminated several employees and the employees filed civil suits alleging violation of natural‑justice principles and statutory regulations. The Supreme Court was asked to resolve a conflict between earlier judgments on whether …
Ganpat Singh Deora, a Bank of Baroda employee aged 40 with 13 years of service, opted for voluntary retirement under the Bank's 2001 Voluntary Retirement Scheme (BOBEVRS‑2001). While he received the scheme’s retiral benefits, his claim for a pension under the Bank of Baroda Employees Pension …
The respondent, a conductor employed on a casual basis, was removed for misconduct and later reappointed without disclosing his prior dismissal. Upon discovery of this concealment, he was again dismissed following departmental proceedings. The Labour Court upheld the dismissal as valid but deemed …
The respondent, a peon employed since 1974, was dismissed in 1984 for multiple instances of misconduct including unauthorized absences, late attendance, leaving the premises without permission, and falsifying the muster roll. He sought reinstatement with continuity of service and full back wages …
The State of Madhya Pradesh filed a Letters Patent Appeal against a Division Bench order that had dismissed a writ petition under Article 227 seeking to quash a Labour Court order passed under Section 10 of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. The High Court held the appeal non‑maintainable, relying …
Novartis India Ltd. transferred three senior sales representatives to distant locations; they refused to report, filed representations and civil suits, and were terminated without a domestic inquiry. The workmen raised an industrial dispute; the Industrial Tribunal held the termination illegal, …
The Second Labour Court, Thane, passed an ex‑parte award on 12 June 1998 reinstating the workman RadhaKrishnan Mani Tripathi, which was published on 5 August 1998. Respondent No.1, who had not been served notice, learned of the award on 27 January 1999 and filed a petition within two days under Rule …
In 1980-81 Laxmi Rattan Cotton Mills Ltd. engaged six workers as trainee investigators on a stipend, expressly stating no obligation to appoint them thereafter. After training, the mill offered them clerk positions, which they accepted without protest and later made permanent. When the mill became …
The case concerned the death of Bhagirathi Das, a mine employee of Steel Authority of India Ltd., who collapsed while on duty. His son sought a compassionate appointment under Para 8.9.4 of the 1989 Memorandum of Settlement, which provides such appointment only if death is due to an accident arising …
The respondent was appointed as a sweeper‑cum‑water carrier on a monthly wage in 1986 and worked daily until about 5 p.m., effectively on a full‑time basis despite being described as part‑time. His services were terminated in March 1989 and he sought regularisation and protection under the …
Talwara Cooperative Credit & Service Society Ltd terminated clerk Sushil Kumar after two short spells of employment (1987-1990 and 1995-1997) citing financial losses. The Labour Court awarded reinstatement with full back wages, which the High Court upheld. The Society appealed to the Supreme Court, …
The appellant, a sugar mill, employed certain workers as "seasonal workmen" but they performed duties throughout the year and were paid seasonal wages. The workers claimed they should be declared permanent and receive permanent workmen benefits. The State of Uttar Pradesh referred the dispute to the …
The National Union of Water Front Workers sought regularisation of its members who were employed as contract labourers by a contractor of Steel Authority of India Ltd. (SAIL). The West Bengal Government issued a 1989 notification prohibiting contract labour and the Calcutta High Court directed SAIL …
The appellant, a driver appointed on a temporary basis in 1987 and regularized in 1989, was listed among 275 retrenched employees for redeployment under a corporate policy. While all other listed employees were redeployed in Delhi Administration or other undertakings, the corporation terminated the …
Mahila Samkhya, a Karnataka society, hired Abdul Kareem as a driver on a fixed‑term contract that was renewed for the period 1 November 1997 to 31 October 1999. The society terminated his services on 3 July 1998 invoking clause XIV of his appointment letter, alleging misconduct. The Labour Court …
The respondent, a bus conductor, was found not to have issued tickets to 20 of 136 passengers when his bus was intercepted. A domestic enquiry concluded he was guilty and he was dismissed. The Labour Court set aside the dismissal, ordering reinstatement and back wages, on the ground that the cash …
The respondent, Radhey Shyam, was employed as a junior clerk by Rajasthan Lalit Kala Academy and was terminated in 1981 without complying with the notice and compensation requirements of Section 25‑F of the Industrial Disputes Act. He raised an industrial dispute; the Labour Court ordered his …
The respondent, a workman in the Public Works Department, was terminated on 31 March 1993. The Labour Court held the termination illegal, finding that he had completed the requisite 240 days of service in the preceding year. The State of Haryana appealed, and the Punjab and Haryana High Court …
The respondents, who were Presiding Officers of Kerala's Industrial Tribunals, had historically received pay scales equal to District Judges. After the 1998 Shetty Commission revised the pay of District Judges, the state granted the revised scales only to District Judges and not to the Tribunal …
Mis Cable Corporation of India Ltd applied to retrench 280 workmen under s.25‑N(2) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. The Specified Authority allowed retrenchment of 276 workers but rejected the unions' applications under s.25‑N(6) for review or reference. The Bombay High Court, however, directed …
The Oil and Natural Gas Commission (ONGC) engaged a large number of workers through contractors for its drilling operations in Cachar. The ONGC Contractual Workers Union sought regularisation of these workers' services, leading the State Government to refer the dispute to an Industrial Tribunal. The …
The appellants, who were managers of a canteen in a sugar mill, claimed overtime wages and filed an application under Section 33C(2) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. The Labour Court allowed the claim on the basis of punch‑card records, but the High Court set aside the award, holding that …
The Food Corporation of India (FCI) had earlier been subject to a 1976 Central Government notification prohibiting the employment of contract labour for sweeping, cleaning, dusting and watching of its buildings. In 1992 the Central Government withdrew that prohibition, raising the question of …
Keshab Deb was appointed as a casual daily‑wage driver in the Directorate of Telecommunications, Dimapur, and was terminated allegedly for misconduct after a brief imprisonment. He filed a writ petition alleging violation of Section 25‑F of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 and seeking …
The appellants, former employees of a government‑owned sugar undertaking, opted for a Voluntary Retirement Scheme (VRS) and received the special compensation prescribed by a Government Order. They later claimed lay‑off compensation for a period preceding the VRS, filing applications under Section …
The case concerned a dispute between the union USHA BRECO MAZDOOR SANGH and the management of M/s. USHA BRECO Ltd. over disciplinary action taken against two union leaders. The Labour Court, exercising jurisdiction under s.11‑A of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, upheld the validity of the …
The respondent, a teacher appointed in 1977 with the requisite qualifications, was terminated in 1995 after a 1994 Government Order raised the qualification standards for teachers. The termination was challenged before the High Court, which quashed the order and awarded back wages, holding that the …
The Rajasthan State Roadways Transport Corporation, a statutory corporation created under the Road Corporation Act, 1951, dismissed driver Mohar Singh for alleged misconduct and the dismissal was upheld by its appellate authority. Singh filed a civil suit in the Additional Munsif Court challenging …
Murari Lal Gupta, appointed as a chowkidar in 1982, sought regularisation but was denied on age grounds and later stopped working. He filed claims for salary differences and overtime, and after failed conciliation, a writ petition led to a reference to the Industrial Tribunal, which awarded …
The Tamil Nadu Panchalai Workers' Union served a strike notice on 14 March 1991 stating that a strike would commence on or after 24 March 1991, giving only ten days' notice. The Supreme Court held that the notice did not satisfy the six‑week advance notice required under Section 22(1) of the …
The respondent, S. Rajulu, was employed as a packer by Aurofood Pvt. Ltd. and was suspended in 1981 for alleged misconduct, including insolent and filthy language towards superiors and a lady supervisor. A domestic enquiry found him guilty on two charges and the employer dismissed him after an …
Mavji C. Lakum, a long‑serving peon of Central Bank of India, was repeatedly disciplined and eventually discharged for alleged misconduct. The Industrial Tribunal, exercising its power under Section 11‑A of the Industrial Disputes Act, held that the departmental inquiry was fair but the punishment …
The respondent, Jagjivan Parshad, a gardener, was terminated from service in 1997. The Labour Court, under Section 10(1)(c) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, held the termination illegal and ordered reinstatement with 50% back wages, finding that he had worked more than 240 days. A writ petition …
The respondent, a daily‑wage worker in the Himachal Pradesh Horticulture Department, sought regularisation as a clerk after ten years of service. The State offered him regularisation as a "Chowkidar," which he refused, leading to termination of his daily‑wage engagement and an industrial dispute. …
The Orchid Employees' Union sought an interim injunction restraining its members from assembling within 100 metres of the company's premises and from obstructing traffic, which was initially granted by a District Munsif. The Madras High Court set aside that injunction, noting a pending cancellation …
The case concerned the winding up of Jaipur Udyog Ltd. (JUL), a sick cement company, and the dispute over workmen's dues and a settlement entered between the workers' union and the company. JUL appealed a BIFR winding‑up order before the AAIFR, which imposed a condition to deposit Rs.10 crore; the …
The Association of Engineering Workers filed a complaint under Item 9 of Schedule IV of the Maharashtra Recognition of Trade Unions and Prevention of Unfair Labour Practices Act, 1971, alleging that Hindalco Industries treated its canteen staff as contract workers to avoid granting permanency and …
R. Suresh, a Development Officer of the Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC), was dismissed after a departmental enquiry found him guilty of negligence, though he was cleared of breach of trust and forgery. He raised an industrial dispute before an Industrial Tribunal under s.11A of the …
Sunil Kumar Singh Negi, a daily‑wage worker of the Uttarakhand Horticulture Department, was ordered by the Labour Court in 2001 to be reinstated and to receive back wages of Rs 6,000. The Department sent a letter asking him to join work at the Fruit Preservation Centre, Pauri, but he did not report …
The appellant, H.P. State Electricity Board, appealed against the Labour Court and Himachal Pradesh High Court decisions that had granted daily‑wage workers (respondents) a minimum bonus under the Payment of Bonus Act, 1965. The respondents had filed applications under Section 33‑C(2) of the …
The State, G.M. Haryana Roadways, terminated a casual driver, Jai Bhagwan, whose reinstatement was ordered by the Labour Court. The State reinstated him on 10 May 2002 and later regularized his service on 21 June 2004, but failed to disclose these material facts in a writ petition before the High …
The Motilal Nehru Farmers Training Institute employed daily wagers for various project works such as bee‑farming. Their services were terminated on 28‑December‑1996 and they claimed they had worked for more than 240 days, invoking Section 6N of the Uttar Pradesh Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. The …
The respondent, a former peon of K.L.E. Society, filed a private complaint alleging offences under IPC ss.403, 405 and 415 r/w s.34, claiming that salary deductions were made without justification. The Judicial Magistrate took cognizance and issued process, prompting the society to move the …
Rawel Singh, a driver with Pepsu Road Transport Corporation, was absent from duty without sanctioned leave. After notice and a charge sheet, a disciplinary enquiry was held ex parte because he failed to appear, leading to his termination. He obtained reinstatement from civil courts, which allowed …
The respondent, a permanent typist, was removed from service on the ground of unauthorized absence. The Industrial Tribunal held that he was suffering from tuberculosis, had applied for sick leave and that the employer had not acted on his applications, thus ordering reinstatement with back wages. …
The appellants, technical field staff of the Punjab State Electricity Board (PSEB), filed a writ petition seeking parity in remuneration for work performed on Saturdays and Sundays, relying on the Supreme Court’s decision in Municipal Employees Union v. State of Punjab. The Punjab & Haryana High …
Mahesh Chand, a workman, claimed that his termination in 1998 was illegal because he had continuously worked for more than 240 days in each calendar year from 1987 to 1998, invoking Section 25‑F of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. The employer, G.M., B.S.N.L. & Ors., contended that Chand was …
The workman, a senior dumper operator at West Bokaro Colliery of M/s TISCO Ltd., was charged with leaving work without permission and exhibiting indecent, riotous and disorderly behaviour after assaulting a security officer. A domestic inquiry found the charges proved beyond reasonable doubt and …
The respondents, who were work‑charge employees on the Anandpur Sahib Hydel Project, were terminated after the project’s completion under Rule 20(1) and Rule 3‑A of the Certified Standing Orders. They filed a civil suit seeking a declaration that the termination was illegal, reinstatement and …
Two workmen, Stephen and Nallusami, were charged with theft of a pesticide and dismissed after a domestic enquiry that relied on the testimony of two witnesses who claimed the accused had confessed in their presence. The Labour Court held that the enquiry officer had not properly appreciated the …
Kripa Pandey worked as a driver in the Bihar Caustic & Chemicals Ltd. factory during its construction, being engaged by a contractor under the Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970. He was terminated in September 1984 and claimed that the termination was illegal, seeking reinstatement …
Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd. (the appellant) had engaged Ashok Ranghba Ambre on a casual basis as a compounder/dresser from 1984. Ambre filed a writ petition in 1992 seeking to be declared a permanent employee with retrospective benefits. The corporation stopped employing him in 1996, …
The appellant, a clerk promoted to Assistant Manager in UCO Bank, sought reversion to his clerical post after more than a year on probation. The bank granted reversion on conditions that he permanently lose any chance of promotion and be denied stagnation increments. The appellant challenged these …
The appellant, Mis. Hondaram Ramchandra, operated a sales office which was closed. The workmen were transferred to a separate factory, refused to join, and were terminated after an ex parte domestic enquiry. The Labour Court upheld the termination, but the High Court set aside the award and ordered …
Ganeshilal, a temporary peon in the Law Department of the Rajasthan State Government, was terminated and claimed the dismissal violated Section 25‑G of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. The State contended that the Law Department was not an "industry" within the meaning of Section 2(s) of the Act, …
The employer, Haryana Land Reclamation and Development Corporation Ltd., retrenched Nirmal Kumar, a watchman‑cum‑peon, in 1991. The workman filed a claim petition alleging illegal retrenchment, and the Labour Court held that the dismissal violated Rule 77 of the Rajasthan Industrial Disputes Rules, …
United Bank of India terminated two commission agents (tiny deposit collectors) in 1984. The Union raised the terminations as industrial disputes, which were referred to the Tamil Nadu Industrial Tribunal. The Tribunal allowed the bank to lead evidence to justify the dismissals and ruled in its …
The respondent, a workman employed by L&T Komatsu Ltd., was dismissed after being found guilty of unauthorized absence for 105 days, with a history of 15 prior instances of absenteeism. The Labour Court set aside the dismissal, ordering reinstatement with continuity of service and a penalty of four …
Century Industries Textiles Ltd., after offering a Voluntary Retirement Scheme that left only 275 workers, filed an application under s.25‑0(1) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 seeking permission to close its mill. The company later withdrew this application to pursue an amicable settlement …
The respondent, Dinesh Kumar, claimed that he was employed as a sweeper by the Uttaranchal Forest Hospital Trust from 1 July 1995 to 16 August 1996 and was terminated without notice or retrenchment allowance. He alleged that he had rendered more than 240 days of service in the year preceding his …
The Supreme Court examined an appeal by Ranip Nagar Palika challenging the reinstatement of several workmen who had been terminated in 1994. The workmen claimed they were regular employees who had continuously worked since 1991, invoking Section 25-F of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, which …
The appellants, who had taken a Voluntary Retirement Scheme (VRS) on 26 May 1995 and received the stipulated payments, later claimed that a settlement dated 13 October 1995 between the employer and the workmen’s union, which altered wages and retirement age, also applied to them. The settlement …
The respondents were appointed as conductors on a daily‑wage basis and were later regularized on 1 August 1987. In 1999 they filed a writ petition under Article 226 seeking regularization retroactive to their initial appointment date, without explaining the long delay. The High Court allowed the …
Fourteen daily‑wage workers in the Uttarakhand Irrigation Department had worked for more than six years, completing at least 240 days each calendar year. The Labour Court ordered their regularisation, but the Uttarakhand High Court dismissed the writ petition, holding that the workers were entitled …
The workmen of Karnataka Pulpwood Ltd, a loss‑making joint‑sector subsidiary of Karnataka Forest Development Corporation Ltd (KFDC), sought compulsory absorption into KFDC after the State Government granted permission to close the undertaking under Section 25 of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. …
Karan Singh, a former DPL of the Haryana State Marketing Board, was terminated in October 1994 without due process, allegedly violating Section 25F of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. He filed a claim six years later, in 2000, seeking reinstatement and back wages. The State Government referred the …
The employer, a public utility, dismissed eight workmen after they participated in a five‑month illegal strike. The Labour Court held the strike unlawful, set aside the dismissals and ordered reinstatement without back wages. The Gujarat High Court reversed that award, holding that once the …
The appellant, Ganga Kisan Sahkari Chini Mills Ltd., employed certain workers during its trial season of 1984-85 and later terminated them. The workers claimed they were permanent employees and sought reinstatement, back wages, and retaining allowance under the Uttar Pradesh Payment of Retaining …
A workman employed by Central Coal Field Ltd. died in harness on 23‑02‑1997. His son, Mohan Mahto, applied for a compassionate appointment under sub‑clause (iii) of Clause 9.5.0 of the National Coal Wage Agreement (NCWA V), which required that a male dependent aged 15 or above be kept on a live …
Workmen were initially engaged as security guards through an agency on 1 Oct 1996. After the agency contract expired on 1 Oct 1997, they continued to work for the Telecom Department until 31 May 1999. Claiming that they had rendered continuous service of more than 240 days, they sought reinstatement …
The Shree Shankar Textiles Ex‑Employees Union sought benefits under the Textile Workers Rehabilitation Fund Scheme (TWRFS) 1991, contending that the scheme’s requirement that a mill be closed under Section 25‑O of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 (or have an official liquidator appointed) violated …
Sidhartha Chakraborty, a cash clerk of United Bank of India, was dismissed for alleged irregularities, with the dismissal order stating that an application under Section 33(2)(b) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 was being filed because an industrial dispute was pending. Chakraborty challenged …
The respondent, a daily wager in the Public Works Division (PWD) since 1984, was appointed as a contract Surveyor in the Soil Conservation Department on 3 April 1986 and later transferred before the posts were abolished in August 1987. After about eight years, he filed an application under Section …
The Canteen Mazdoor Sabha filed a civil appeal challenging a Jharkhand High Court decision that set aside an Industrial Tribunal award granting canteen workers the same pay scales as MECON’s VIP Guest House and Tea Club employees. The core issue was whether a master‑servant (employer‑employee) …
The District Red Cross Society closed its Maternity Hospital due to financial constraints, terminating the services of staff nurses including Babita Arora, while other units such as a Drug De‑Addiction Centre, Family Planning Centre and Viklang Kendra continued to operate. The employees claimed …
The Bank of India had a scheme for "Budlee Sepoys" whereby temporary workers could be absorbed into permanent posts only after completing 240 working days in a block year. Several such workers filed writ petitions seeking regularisation, claiming they had satisfied the 240‑day requirement. The …
Ramesh Chand was engaged as a casual labourer for a specific microwave project and worked for more than 240 days before the project was completed and the office was abolished. He challenged his termination, arguing that it violated the mandatory requirements of Section 25-F of the Industrial …
C. Gupta was appointed as an Industrial Relations Executive (management staff) of Glaxo‑SmithKline Pharmaceuticals and was terminated on 15 September 1982 under a clause allowing dismissal with three months' notice or salary in lieu. He claimed to be a "workman" under Section 2(s) of the Industrial …
Ajnaala Coop. Sugar Mills Ltd. terminated the services of Sukhraj Singh, a seasonal daily‑wage worker. The Labour Court held the termination illegal under Section 25‑F of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, which requires a workman to have worked more than 240 days in the preceding twelve months, and …
Shri Narinder Singh, a daily‑wage mazdoor, was engaged by the Garrison Engineer (Utility) of Bhatinda, a Defence Department establishment, from 1 January 1985 to 15 January 1987 and was terminated on 16 January 1987. After about five years he filed a reference seeking regularisation, contending that …
The appellant, Management, Pandiya Roadways Corp. Ltd., dismissed its class‑IV employee N. Balakrishnan for alleged theft after a disciplinary enquiry found him guilty. The Labour Court refused to approve the dismissal under Section 33(2)(b) of the Industrial Disputes Act because the employer had …
The respondent, a daily‑wage substitute to a regular EDA, claimed she had completed 240 days of service before 7 May 1985 and sought regularisation under a 13 Nov 1987 circular that allowed such substitutes to be appointed as EDAs in vacant posts. The Central Administrative Tribunal directed that if …
The employer, Mis. Hamdard (Wakf) Laboratories, terminated 37 workmen alleging an illegal strike, leading to an industrial dispute and an award reinstating 17 workers with 50% back‑wages. The workmen later filed applications under Section 6‑H(l) of the U.P. Industrial Disputes Act seeking bonus, …
The petitioners, a union of daily‑rated gardeners employed by Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd., a government company, sought regularisation, continuance of service and equal pay, alleging that they had worked more than 240 days a year for several years and that artificial breaks were created to deny them …
The appellants, workmen of Novartis India Ltd., were transferred from Calcutta to other locations and challenged the transfer orders as illegal and motivated by trade‑union activities. While a conciliation proceeding was pending, the employer terminated their services for not obeying the transfers. …
The Punjab Water Supply Sewerage Board terminated two work‑charge employees after they assaulted a senior officer following a disputed transfer. The employees were convicted in a criminal case, but the Labour Court set aside the termination and ordered reinstatement without back wages. The Board …
Dharappa, a daily‑wage labourer, claimed that his termination from the Rural Dairy Centre in 1980 was illegal and sought reinstatement and back wages before the Labour Court under Section 10(4A) of the Industrial Disputes Act (ID Act). The Labour Court awarded reinstatement with 50% back wages, but …
The workman was dismissed in 1992 and raised an industrial dispute under Section 2A of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 in 1994. The Labour Court ordered his reinstatement with back wages and a subsistence allowance, but the management was not allowed to lead evidence and initially failed to pay …
Anilkumar, a daily‑wage worker, was intermittently engaged by Punjab Roadways between 1981 and 1985 and thereafter not employed. He filed two civil suits claiming continuous service, both of which he later withdrew. In 1998 he served a demand notice under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, leading …
The Coimbatore District Central Co‑operative Bank disciplined 53 employees who continued an illegal strike, prevented others from returning to work and were found guilty in an ex‑parte disciplinary inquiry. The Labour Court, acting under Section 10 of the Industrial Disputes Act, upheld the …
The Central Government issued a circular on 8 November 2000 refusing to prohibit contract labour in certain establishments of Rashtriya Chemicals & Fertilizers Ltd. The General Employees Association filed a writ petition under Article 226 seeking quashment of the circular, alleging that the contract …
U.P. Power Corporation Ltd terminated two daily‑wage Chowkidars in 1979. The Industrial Tribunal held the termination illegal under s.25‑F of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 and s.6‑N of the U.P. Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, ordered their reinstatement and deemed them regularised after three …
Gurmit Singh was employed as a daily‑wage chowkidar by the Director, Food and Supplies, Punjab from 1 June 1985 until his termination on 25 August 1986 without notice or compensation. He invoked the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 before the Labour Court, which found he had worked more than 240 days …
Om Pal was engaged as a daily‑wage worker by the Haryana Urban Development Authority, first in Sub‑division No.2 for 145 days (Oct 1994‑Feb 1995) and then in Sub‑division No.3 for 90 days (Mar‑Jul 1995). After his services were terminated he raised an industrial dispute. The Industrial …
The Madhya Pradesh Administration terminated the services of Tribhuban, who had been employed on a temporary basis with intermittent breaks, prompting an industrial dispute that was adjudicated by an Industrial Tribunal. The Tribunal awarded retrenchment compensation, notice pay and interest, …
The respondent, a bus conductor for APSRTC, was caught on 23 May 2000 issuing tickets of 0.50 paise instead of the correct fare of Rs 4 to sixteen illiterate female passengers, thereby pocketing an extra Rs 52. The management dismissed him, and the Labour Court upheld the dismissal as justified …
Bharat Co-operative Bank (Mumbai) Ltd., a multi‑state co‑operative bank, challenged the jurisdiction of the Maharashtra Trade Union Act, arguing that under Section 2(a) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 the "appropriate Government" for a "Banking Company" with branches in more than one state is …
Des Bandhu was appointed as a surveyor on 15 February 1988 and was terminated on 26 March 1989 without notice. He filed a civil suit for a declaration of continuance, which was dismissed, and his appeal was also dismissed in 1997. Subsequently, a reference under Section 10(1)(c) of the Industrial …
The Uttar Pradesh Rajya Sadak Pariyahan Karamchari Union filed an application before the Labour Court under Section 11‑C of the U.P. Industrial Disputes Act, read with Section 13‑A of the Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act, seeking a declaration that fifteen contract drivers and conductors …
The New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC) had 17 senior Shift‑In‑Charge employees who voluntarily became Meter Readers and were given a higher pay scale as an ad‑hoc, personal measure. An industrial dispute was later raised by other Meter Readers, and the Industrial Tribunal awarded pay parity to those …
The appellants, manufacturers of pharmaceutical products, dismissed several medical representatives and the employees sought relief from the appellate authority under the Andhra Pradesh Shops and Establishments Act, 1988. The employers contended that the Sales Promotion Employees (Conditions of …
The respondent, a driver for the Gujarat State Road Transport Corporation, caused a fatal accident; he was acquitted in the criminal trial but the corporation dismissed him after departmental proceedings found him guilty of misconduct. The Labour Court reinstated him without back wages, citing the …
The Punjab State Electricity Board (PSEB) engaged several individuals as private meter readers on a contract basis, paying them a fixed rate of Re.1 per meter reading. After the contract periods expired and regular meter readers were appointed, the engagements were terminated. The respondents …
Guru Jambheshwar University terminated the services of Dharam Pal, an unskilled workman paid on a monthly basis, after closing its farming operations. The workman claimed that the retrenchment compensation paid under Section 25F(b) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 was insufficient because the …
The petitioners were workmen appointed on an ad‑hoc basis for the Anpara‑Rihand Nagar railway construction project of Indian Railway Construction Co. Ltd. (IRCON). After the project was completed in early 1998, they were served with retrenchment notices and offered compensation under Section 25‑F of …
The Industrial Papers (Assam) Ltd. Employees Union filed a writ petition alleging that the Assam Industrial Development Corporation Ltd. (AIDC) failed to pay salaries to its members after the Extensible Sack Kraft Paper Project was closed, contending that AIDC was the owner of the project and thus …
Morgan Securities advanced an inter‑corporate deposit to Modi Rubber, which defaulted, leading to an arbitral award in favour of Morgan and a winding‑up petition. The High Court restrained Modi Rubber from dealing with its assets, but the company made a reference to the Board for Industrial and …
The Municipal Corporation of Jabalpur appointed a large number of daily‑wage workers without following the recruitment rules prescribed under the Madhya Pradesh Municipal Corporation Act. Several labour disputes arose and the High Court, exercising contempt jurisdiction, directed the corporation to …
Muir Mills Unit of N.T.C. (U.P.) Ltd. appointed Swayam Prakash Srivastava as a Legal Assistant on a one‑year probation. After the probation period the mill terminated his services for unsatisfactory performance. Srivastava raised an industrial dispute; the Labour Court held he was a workman and …
The State of Haryana, following a policy to regularise daily‑wage workers, terminated the services of several daily wagers. The Labour Court held that the workers had not been in continuous service for the requisite 240 days in the preceding 12 months, and therefore the retrenchment did not violate …
Laut Kumar Verma, engaged on daily wages, applied before the Labour Court for classification as a permanent clerk, claiming that continuous service of more than six months entitled him to permanent status under Clause 2 of the Standard Standing Orders and protection of Section 25‑F of the Industrial …
The Oil & Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) employs seasonal casual/contingent workers for field survey work from November to May each year. The Engineering Mazdoor Sangh sought regularisation of those workers who had completed at least 240 days of attendance in a twelve‑month period, invoking Rule 2 …
The Karnataka Handloom Development Corporation appointed Sri Mahadeva Laxman Raval as an expert weaver on a fixed‑term, honorarium‑based contract under the Vishwa programme. After the nine‑month contract expired, the corporation did not renew his engagement, and Raval claimed that his termination …
The Supreme Court considered a dispute where Indian Drugs and Pharmaceuticals Ltd., a loss‑making public sector undertaking, had appointed ten dependants of deceased employees as casual daily‑rate workers without any vacancy or rule. The Labour Court had ordered their regularisation and the High …
Bhogpur Co‑op Sugar Mills Ltd, a seasonal sugar mill, hired Harmesh Kumar as a daily‑wage seasonal worker and later terminated his services at the end of the season. Kumar raised an industrial dispute under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, and the State referred the matter to the Labour Court …
The respondent, V. Lakshminarayanan, joined National Small Industries Corp. Ltd. as a casual labourer in 1987 and was later appointed as an apprentice trainee (shop assistant) on 26 April 1990 for a two‑year training period. He was removed from service on 1 May 1992. The Labour Court held he was a …
Gangadhar Pillai was engaged by Siemens Ltd. on a series of temporary contracts for project work from 1978 to 2000, each appointment ending when the specific project was completed. She claimed that the employer’s practice of repeatedly hiring her as a temporary worker for over two decades amounted …
The driver Shivaji was removed from service after a domestic inquiry that alleged he intentionally drove into a privately installed barrier, injuring a passenger. The Labour Court held the inquiry invalid but later found him guilty of serious misconduct and ordered termination. The High Court, …
The respondent, N.K. Singh, an Assistant Store Keeper, was found to have occupied company quarters without permission and assaulted the Town Warden during the execution of an eviction decree, leading to an FIR under IPC sections 311, 307 and 34. A domestic inquiry under the company's standing orders …
The respondent, a long‑serving employee of the Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation (APSRTC), was charged with four instances of theft in 1986 and admitted to the misconduct. A departmental enquiry found him guilty and the Labour Court (Industrial Tribunal) ordered his removal from …
Fourteen garden workers employed by a contractor for Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd. (BHEL) had their services terminated by the contractor on 1 December 1988 without complying with Section 6‑N of the Uttar Pradesh Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. They filed an individual dispute under Section 2‑A, …
Mahatma Mishra was appointed by the State Bank of India as a temporary messenger for a fixed period of 88 days in 1982 and was terminated thereafter. He claimed that the termination violated Section 25‑H of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 and sought reinstatement with full back wages. The Labour …
The Jaipur Development Authority (JDA), a State entity, terminated the services of daily‑wage worker Ram Sahai on 1 July 1987. Sahai had not completed 240 days of continuous service and the Labour Court held that JDA had violated Sections 25G and 25H of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, ordering …
The respondent, a daily‑wage casual worker on a railway electrification project, was retrenched when the project closed and received compensation under Section 25‑F of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. He challenged the retrenchment, claiming 1,060 days of continuous service that should have given …
The State of Rajasthan and a Gram Panchayat jointly implemented the "Jal Pradyot Vojna" water‑supply scheme, under which the Gram Panchayat hired Sarjeet Singh as a pump driver on a fixed‑term contract that was extended until the scheme’s completion on 7 Nov 1997. When the scheme ended, his services …
The respondent, Dilbagh Singh, a Beldar in the Public Works Department, was terminated on 25‑December‑1999. A dispute under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 was referred to the Labour Court, which held that his termination violated Sections 25‑G and 25‑H because junior employees remained in …
Deposit collectors employed under various banks' Daily Deposit Schemes raised an industrial dispute seeking regular pay scales and service conditions. The dispute was referred to the Industrial Tribunal under Section 18(3)(d) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, which awarded their absorption as …
The respondent filed a claim under Section 33C(2) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 seeking arrears of salary, leave encashment and dearness allowance arising from the 5th Pay Commission recommendations. The Labour Court ordered payment, and the High Court upheld that order. On appeal, the …
The Steel Authority of India Ltd., a government company, engaged contractors to manufacture steel, and workers employed by those contractors claimed they were permanent employees of the company and sought absorption. The State Government referred the dispute to a Labour Court under Section 10(1)(c) …
The appellants were employees of a co‑operative society that was liquidated and its undertaking merged with the Bihar Electricity Board. The Board did not take over the employees, and the appellants filed writ petitions seeking their absorption. The High Court dismissed the petitions and the appeal …
A driver employed by the Northeast Karnataka Road Transport Corporation collided his bus with the rear of another corporation bus while overtaking, causing the latter to strike a tree, injuring 56 passengers and killing four. The corporation’s disciplinary authority dismissed the driver, but the …
Man Singh was appointed as a temporary conductor by the U.P. State Road Transport Corporation on 20 July 1974 and was terminated on 23 July 1975 for alleged misconduct. He raised an industrial dispute on 14 September 1986, more than a decade after his termination. The Labour Court held that the …
B. Srinivasa Reddy, a retired Chief Engineer, was re‑appointed as Managing Director of the Karnataka Urban Water Supply & Drainage Board on a contractual basis "until further orders". The Karnataka Urban Water Supply & Drainage Board Employees' Association, an unregistered trade union, challenged …
The daily‑wage workman Mohammed Rafi claimed that his termination by Krishna Bhagya Jala Nigam Ltd. violated Section 25‑F of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, and the Labour Court ordered his reinstatement. The employer appealed; a single High Court judge set aside the award, holding that the …
The appellant, General Manager of Vijaya Bank, terminated the employment of the respondent clerk on grounds of repeated unauthorised absences, issuing notices requiring him to report within 30 days. The respondent reported within the stipulated period after each notice, but the bank refused his …
The Electronics Corporation of India Ltd. engaged about 30 technicians as retainers (service engineers/licencees) on individual contracts between 1972 and 1978. The retainers later demanded permanent absorption, regularisation and parity of pay with regular employees. The Industrial Tribunal held …
Mitthu Singh, a bus driver for Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation, was terminated after three alleged incidents of refusing to stop the bus on signals from a checking squad. An enquiry officer found the charges proved and the termination was confirmed by the appellate authority. The …
The appellant, Anand Regional Co‑op Oil Seeds Growers Union Ltd., dismissed Shailesh Kumar Harshadbhai Shah, an Assistant Executive in its Quality Control Department, for alleged misconduct. Shah challenged the dismissal, contending that he was not a "workman" under Section 2(s) of the Industrial …
The Municipal Council of Samrala appointed Sukhwinder Kaur as a clerk on a contractual, temporary basis, expressly stating that the Executive Officer could dismiss her without notice. She was appointed and terminated three times within eighteen months. The Labour Court held that her dismissal …
The Mineral Exploration Corporation (MECL) employed a large number of workers on so‑called contingent or temporary contracts for projects that lasted many years. The workers, who had served between eight and twenty years, claimed regularisation and regular pay‑scales under the Industrial Disputes …
The respondent, H. Amresh, a conductor with the Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation, was charged with several offences including consumption of alcohol while on duty and short‑remittance of cash. An internal inquiry found all charges proved and dismissed him. He raised an industrial dispute …
The case concerned Gopinath Sharma, a daily‑wage (Ticca Mazdoor) employee of the Reserve Bank of India, who worked only 58 days in 1975‑76 and was omitted from the 1976‑77 waiting list. After repeated representations, the dispute was referred to a Central Government Industrial Tribunal, which …
The appellant, Rajasthan Tourism Development Corporation Ltd., terminated the services of the respondent, a casual house‑assistant, who claimed to have completed 240 days of continuous service. The Labour Court, relying on the respondent’s claim, awarded reinstatement and back wages under Section …
The appellant, a sweeper employer, dismissed the respondent, a daily‑wage sweeper, who after four and a half years filed a demand for reinstatement with back wages. The employer contended that the respondent had not completed the statutory 240 days of work in any year, a condition for a person to be …
The case involved a workman (Respondent No. I) who was dismissed for threatening senior officers and inciting a strike. The Labour Court found the domestic inquiry defective but allowed the employer to adduce fresh evidence, ultimately upholding the dismissal. The High Court, exercising writ …
The respondent, Ramdhara Indoliya, was employed as a daily‑wage conductor by the Rajasthan State Road Transport Corporation (RSRTC) and was terminated. He filed a suit in a civil court seeking reinstatement, back wages and other relief. The civil court and the High Court ruled in his favour, but …
The respondent, a temporary work‑charged employee, was terminated in the early 1980s and, after an eight‑year gap, filed a claim for reinstatement and back wages under Section 10(1) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. The Labour Court awarded 30% back wages and ordered reinstatement, but the High …
Mis Indian Drugs & Pharmaceuticals Ltd., a public sector undertaking, gave contract work to the widows and dependents of employees who died in harness after a union demand, without any compassionate appointment scheme. The contracts were later terminated in 1998 due to the company's severe financial …
A.P. Foods, a non‑profit public‑sector establishment run by the Andhra Pradesh Nutrition Council, was challenged by its employees who demanded bonus under the Payment of Bonus Act, 1965. The Labour Commissioner held the Act inapplicable, but the employer later paid ex‑gratia and subsequently stopped …
The respondent, Babu Ram, was employed on a temporary basis by the U.P. State Road Transport Corporation and was terminated in 1983. After a fifteen‑year gap, the dispute was referred to the Labour Court in 1998, which held the termination illegal and ordered reinstatement with back wages. The …
The Supreme Court examined an appeal by the Chief Engineer, Ranjit Sagar Dam (appellants) against a Labour Court order that reinstated workman Sham Lal and awarded back wages. The central questions were whether the burden of proof to show that a workman had worked at least 240 days in the year …
The employer, Surendranagar District Panchayat, terminated several daily‑wage workers and claimed that none had worked continuously for 240 days in the preceding year, a condition required under Section 25‑F of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 for retrenchment. The workers contended they had met …
The employer (Assistant Engineer, Rajasthan) terminated pump driver Ram Charan. The Labour Court held that the termination violated Section 25F of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 and ordered reinstatement with 25% back wages. The employer challenged the award in the High Court; the Single Judge …
The South Indian Cashew Factories Workers' Union challenged the domestic enquiry and subsequent reversion of a manager, S. Sivasankara Pillai, for alleged misconduct. The enquiry was conducted by the corporation's Assistant Personnel Manager, who found the employee guilty and recommended reversion …
Om Prakash Sharma, a casual worker of State Bank of Bikaner and Jaipur, was terminated after three and a half months and replaced by a junior employee. He raised an industrial dispute and the appropriate Government referred the question of whether his termination violated Section 25H of the …
The respondent, Ashappa, a conductor employed by North Eastern Karnataka Road Transport Corporation, was absent without authorization for more than three years between November 1990 and December 1993 and repeatedly failed to report to duty despite notices. A departmental proceeding dismissed him for …
The Municipal Council, Sujanpur terminated Surinder Kumar, a daily‑waged worker appointed in violation of its recruitment rules and allegedly as a supervisor. The Labour Court held that Kumar was a workman who had completed the requisite 240 days of work and ordered his reinstatement with full back …
The respondent was engaged on an ad‑hoc basis as a Junior Technician for successive 89‑day periods from 1990 to 1992, each appointment ending with a one‑ or two‑day gap before the next. She was terminated on 7 August 1992 and later raised an industrial dispute. The Labour Court ordered her …
Mettur Beardsell Ltd, facing financial difficulties, transferred its textile operations to its wholly‑owned subsidiary Mettur Textile Pvt. Ltd. The workers were individually notified and several unions entered into settlements under Section 12(3) of the Industrial Disputes Act, agreeing to become …
The case arose from the merger of Murphy India Ltd. with CEAT Ltd., after which 45 workmen were appointed on a temporary basis on 1‑Feb‑1991 and placed on probation. A Memorandum of Settlement dated 29‑Apr‑1991 provided benefits to "permanent workmen" on the rolls as of 31‑Dec‑1990. The workmen …
The respondents, who retired on 30 April 1990, sought parity in pension and terminal benefits with employees retiring on or after 1 July 1990, arguing that the corporation's pay‑scale revision dated 1 July 1990 discriminated against them. The corporation relied on a Memorandum of Settlement executed …
The dispute arose from a 1979 settlement under Section 12(3) of the Industrial Disputes Act, whereby a workman who had been on the nominal muster roll was to be appointed to a vacancy when one arose. The workman failed to report for duty in 1979 and his name was removed; after nearly two decades he …
The Union of Employees of a Government undertaking challenged a notification that enhanced employee and employer contributions under the Employees State Insurance Act, claiming it did not apply to them. A Rajasthan High Court dismissed the writ as non‑maintainable but directed the ESIC to "consider" …
The State of Kerala, after banning the sale of arrack in 1996, enacted the Kerala Abkari Shops Disposal Rules, 2002 which required that each toddy shop employ one former arrack worker. The rules (specifically Rules 4(2) and 9(10)(b)) were challenged by a federation of toddy‑tappers and toddy‑shop …
Bikar Singh, a conductor with Haryana Roadways, was dismissed for allegedly embezzling fare money. He appealed the dismissal to the Additional Transport Commissioner, which was rejected, and then filed a civil suit seeking a declaration that he remained in service and that the dismissal orders were …
The workmen (respondents) filed applications under Section 33‑C(2) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 seeking recovery of overtime allowances for duties involving moving locomotives. The Labour Court allowed the applications and awarded the claimed amounts. The employer (Indian Railways) …
The Indian Overseas Bank employed about 767 jewel appraisers on a commission basis and the bank's employees' union claimed they were part‑time workmen under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. The Industrial Tribunal, relying on a prior Indian Bank decision, held them to be workmen, a view affirmed …
Arjunlal Rajak was appointed as a daily‑wage chowkidar by the State of Madhya Pradesh without a written offer or compliance with recruitment rules. He worked in various departments, the last being the production division of the Forest Department, which was later abolished, and his services were …
The Haryana State Agricultural Marketing Board appointed Subhash Chand as a contract Arrival Record Clerk for short seasonal periods. The contract expressly allowed termination without notice and conferred no right to regularisation. After his services were terminated, Chand raised an industrial …
The respondent, S.C. Pandey, was appointed as a daily‑wage typist by the Branch Manager of M.P. State Agro Industries Development Corporation, contrary to Regulation 16 of the corporation’s 1976 Service Recruitment and Selection Regulations which reserves appointment authority to the Managing …
CEAT Ltd. introduced a Voluntary Retirement Scheme (VRS‑I) which 337 employees accepted, and later a second scheme (VRS‑II) under a Memorandum of Understanding which 179 employees accepted. Six former employees who had retired under VRS‑I alleged that the company committed an unfair labour practice …
In an industrial dispute, the Central Government Industrial Tribunal‑cum‑Labour Court awarded reinstatement, back wages and benefits to six casual workers in 1992. The Department filed an Original Application before the Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT) in 1993, which was later dismissed on the …
The Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation (AP SRTC) terminated certain employees who claimed they were its workers. The Labour Court held the termination illegal and ordered reinstatement, after which the employees sought back wages under Section 33-C(2) of the Industrial Disputes Act, …
L.K. Verma, a Safety Officer, was charged with using abusive language and threatening a superior and was placed under suspension. He appealed the suspension to the Labour Commissioner under Rule 14 of the U.P. Factories (Safety Officers) Rules, 1984, but was dismissed from service while the appeal …
The workmen of Bhurkunda Colliery, employed as civil engineering workers since the mine's takeover by Central Coalfields Ltd., claimed that they should be regularised as casual workers and eventually become permanent employees. The Central Government Industrial Tribunal directed that 74 of the 104 …
The Supreme Court examined two disputes referred by the Central Government under Section 10 of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, concerning whether workers engaged through a contractor at Sudamdh Colliery were to be treated as workmen of the principal employer, Bharat Coking Coal Ltd. The Tribunal …
The Karnataka Government ran a Secretariat canteen through a committee and appointed workers on an ad‑hoc basis. The workers claimed they were state employees entitled to regularisation and pay parity with government staff. The Karnataka High Court, treating the canteen as a Government Hospitality …
