Judgments of 2026

The appellant, Gour Acharjee, was convicted for the murder of his wife Soma Acharjee, who died after being subjected to severe dowry-related torture. The prosecution alleged that Soma was beaten, sustaining head and chest injuries, and subsequently hanged to simulate suicide, while the defence claimed a voluntary suici…

The appellant, a 38‑year‑old skilled carpenter, lost his right leg above the knee in a motor vehicle accident caused by a rash Jeep driver. The Motor Accident Claims Tribunal awarded Rs.4,77,823, which the High Court enhanced to Rs.11,51,423, but the appellant sought further enhancement. The Supreme Court examined the …

The deceased, a 20‑year‑old CA final student, was killed when his roommate's car struck a truck that had been left stationary on a dark road without any warning lights or signs. The Motor Accident Claims Tribunal held that the negligence lay with the truck driver for leaving the vehicle unattended, and awarded Rs 81,21…

The appellant accused were convicted of pre‑meditated murder based on the "last seen together" theory, alleged extra‑judicial confessions, recoveries of alleged weapons and a motorcycle, and serological evidence. The Supreme Court examined whether the time gap between the accused being last seen with the deceased and t…

The Vice Chancellor of Rajiv Gandhi National Aviation University appointed Jitendra Singh as the First Registrar on the President of India's (Visitor's) recommendation. After a probationary termination in early 2020, Singh filed multiple writ petitions, leading to a High Court order reinstating him and later quashing t…

The testator B. Sheena Nairi executed a Will on 15 May 1983 bequeathing all his immovable properties to his sister Laxmi Nairthy, cancelling an earlier Power of Attorney in favour of his brother‑in‑law. After his death, his wife applied for mutation of the properties in her name, but the sister filed a suit seeking dec…

The appellants, engaged as Work Charged and Muster Roll workers in various departments of the Government of Assam before 1 April 1993, rendered continuous service for decades. The State, through a Cabinet decision dated 22 July 2005, regularized about 30,000 similarly situated workers, but due to clerical lapses the ap…

The appellant, a Sri Lankan national named Ranjan, was arrested in 2021 and charged under multiple statutes for allegedly being the absconding accused "Sri" (A‑5) involved in a conspiracy to revive the banned LTTE. The prosecution’s case rested solely on the belated testimonies of two witnesses who identified the appel…

The appellant, a father, lost his five‑year‑old son when a tanker struck the boy as they walked to school on a road that had no footpath or pedestrian crossing. The father filed a claim for Rs 25,00,000 before the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal, which awarded Rs 7,82,000 with interest; the High Court later reduced the …

The original plaintiff sued the school for illegal encroachment, seeking a mandatory injunction to remove a wall and a lintel that obstructed light, air and water flow. The trial courts granted the injunctions, and the first appellate court affirmed those decrees. The Punjab & Haryana High Court, however, set aside the…

The appellant, a wait‑listed candidate for principal posts in non‑government aided colleges, was recommended for appointment to a PG college on 3 August 2022 but did not join due to family circumstances and later sought posting to another college. The Director, relying on Section 13(4) of the Uttar Pradesh Higher Educa…

Rambalak was charged under IPC sections 419, 420, 467, 468 and 471. The Allahabad High Court rejected his second bail application and, while exercising its bail jurisdiction, directed the trial court to issue summons under CrPC ss.62 and 69 and to take coercive measures against persons delaying the proceedings. The Sup…

The appellant, Parvinder Singh, was subject to an ECIR and arrested, after which the Enforcement Directorate filed a prosecution complaint under the PMLA on 24 June 2024. The Special Court took cognizance of the offence on 2 July 2024, after the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS) had come into force, without giv…

Sant Rohidas Leather Industries, a state‑run corporation, deposited Rs 9 crore as a fixed‑deposit receipt (FDR) with Vijaya Bank. The bank later pledged the FDR to secure an overdraft of Rs 8.10 crore, which the company alleged was done fraudulently and without its consent, prompting a complaint to the Economic Offence…

The appellant, a movie producer, borrowed money from the complainant on the promise of a share in profits and later issued post‑dated cheques to repay the principal, which later bounced. The complainant filed a criminal complaint for cheating under Section 420 IPC and criminal breach of trust under Section 406 IPC. The…

The appellant, a bank officer, was served a charge sheet for loan disbursement irregularities on the day he superannuated, and disciplinary proceedings continued, resulting in a permanent reduction of three pay‑scale stages. The appellant challenged the punishment, arguing that post‑retirement only the Pension Regulati…

The appellant, Jennifer Messias, sought partition and separate possession of a flat jointly owned with the deceased husband. The trial court issued a decree on 13 April 2012 that declared the parties' shares, awarded possession and mesne profits to the appellant, and appointed an Advocate Commissioner to effect partiti…

The appellant R. Halle, a 30‑year‑old manager, suffered grievous injuries including head injury, facial injuries and a left femur fracture in a head‑on collision with a motorcycle driven by R. Chinnadurhi. The Motor Accidents Claims Tribunal (MACT) certified a permanent physical disability of 63% and awarded Rs 65,53,8…

The appellants were appointed as librarians in Bihar based on a B.Lib degree from the University of Technology and Science, Raipur, which was established under the Chhattisgarh Niji Kshetra Vishwavidyalaya Act, 2002. The Act was later declared ultra vires by the Supreme Court in 2005, leading the State of Bihar to term…

The appellant Subramani was accused of murdering his wife by pouring kerosene on her, setting her alight, and also of cruelty under Section 498A of the IPC. The trial court acquitted him, relying on the small size of the bathroom and questioning the reliability of the victim's dying declaration. On appeal, the High Cou…

The case involved a complaint by Mohammad Kaleem regarding the murder of Ammar, wherein the complainant sought to summon two additional persons, Rajendra and Mausam, as accused under Section 319 of the Criminal Procedure Code. The Trial Court and the Allahabad High Court rejected the application, holding that the evide…

The plaintiff, Goltens Dubai, repaired the vessel Master Panos and sought $100,000 from Defendant No.1 (Archean Industries) as part of a freight‑sharing arrangement that was to be paid directly to the plaintiff. Defendant No.1 executed a letter dated 22‑04‑1998 and a "Corporate Guarantee" dated 25‑04‑1998, unequivocall…

The petitioners, contractual toll‑collection employees, were arrested after an altercation with an advocate who allegedly refused to pay toll charges, leading to an FIR under several sections of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita. While one lawyer filed a bail application, members of the Barabanki Bar and the Bar Council enga…

The appellant, a complainant, filed an FIR alleging that the accused, Ajay Pal Gupta (also known as Sonu Chaudhary), conspired with others to cheat him of over ₹11.5 crore by supplying foodgrains and using forged documents. The accused was arrested after a 1.5‑year abscondment and his bail application was rejected by t…

The appellant, Rohit Jangde, the step‑father of a six‑year‑old girl, was convicted by the trial court and the High Court for her murder based on three circumstances: a ‘last seen together’ theory, recovery of charred bone fragments and ashes after the accused allegedly led police to the site, and DNA matching of verteb…

The trial court convicted two private respondents for offences under Sections 307, 324 and 326 of the IPC for stabbing a victim, sentencing them to three years' rigorous imprisonment and a fine of ₹5,000 each. The High Court, on revision, upheld the conviction but reduced the custodial term to the two months already se…

The appellants, the wife and daughters of a deceased property owner, filed a second suit challenging a power of attorney and seeking injunctions, after having earlier filed a first suit for similar reliefs. The defendants moved to reject the second plaint under Order VII Rule 11(d) of the CPC, arguing that the suit was…

Bhola Mahto was convicted of murder under Section 302 IPC in 2002 and appealed the conviction in 2003. The appeal remained pending for over two decades while he was on bail, and when it was finally listed, no counsel appeared on his behalf, prompting the High Court to appoint an amicus curiae without informing the appe…

HT Media Ltd organized an annual Hindustan Times Leadership Summit and hired foreign speakers through booking agents such as the Washington Speakers Bureau and Harry Walker Agency. The tax authorities issued show‑cause notices and later a demand of Service Tax, asserting that the fees paid to the speakers via the agent…

The petition challenged the constitution of a three‑member inquiry committee by the Lok Sabha Speaker after a notice of motion to remove a Delhi High Court judge was admitted in the Lok Sabha but rejected in the Rajya Sabha by the Deputy Chairman, who was acting as Chairman after the Chairman’s resignation. The petitio…

The Special Police Establishment (SPE) of Madhya Pradesh, constituted under the 1947 Act to investigate corruption‑related offences, was directed by the High Court to disclose information sought by a Town Inspector under the Right to Information Act, 2005 (RTI). The appellant argued that a 2011 State Government notific…

The petitioner, Rohit Chaturvedi, was convicted for murder under Sections 120B and 302 IPC and sentenced to life imprisonment in 2007. After serving more than twenty‑two years, he sought premature release, which was recommended by the Uttarakhand State Government but rejected by the Ministry of Home Affairs in a letter…

The Jammu & Kashmir Economic Reconstruction Agency (JKERA) engaged Rash Builders for four road projects in J&K, but contractual disputes led the contractor to invoke arbitration. The parties, with the arbitrator’s consent, fixed Srinagar as the seat of arbitration and New Delhi as the venue, later appointing a new sole…

The State of Himachal Pradesh prosecuted Chaman Lal for allegedly pouring kerosene on his wife Saro Devi and setting her on fire, leading to her death. The trial court convicted him based largely on the wife's dying declaration recorded by a Tehsildar, but the High Court acquitted him, extending the benefit of doubt du…

The appellant society, representing homebuyers, challenged the NCLAT's order admitting Takshashila Heights India Private Ltd (the corporate debtor) into the Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process (CIRP) on a petition filed by Edelweiss Asset Reconstruction Company Ltd (the financial creditor). The society also contest…

The Supreme Court examined the fallout from the denial of renewal of recognition to Sardar Rajas Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre (SRMCH) due to serious deficiencies, which forced the transfer of 124 MBBS students to three private medical colleges in Odisha. Interim orders had required the students to pay …

The appellant was convicted under Sections 302 and 323 of the IPC and Sections 3(2)(v) and 3(1)(x) of the SC/ST Act for allegedly killing Shiva Shankar after a dispute arising from an elopement involving the appellant's sister. The prosecution's case relied mainly on the testimony of the victim's mother (an interested …

The former Jharkhand minister Anosh Ekka was convicted in two separate cases arising from the same set of allegations of acquiring disproportionate assets and misusing his office. The High Court rejected his application for suspension of sentence and bail during the pendency of the appeal, prompting a special leave pet…

Aspinwall & Co. Ltd. amalgamated with Pullangode Rubber & Produce Co. Ltd., with the scheme approved in 2006 and the appointed date set as 01‑01‑2006. The appellant sought to set off the accumulated losses of the amalgamating company against its own income under the Kerala Agricultural Income Tax Act, 1991, relying on …

The husband and wife, married in 2000, lived separately from 2022 and entered into a mediated Settlement Agreement in May 2024 that provided for a mutual‑consent divorce, payment of Rs 75 lakh, a car purchase, jewellery hand‑over and other financial transfers. The first motion for divorce was granted after the husband …

The Mizo Chief Council filed a writ petition under Article 32 on behalf of tribal chieftains alleging that the State had acquired their traditional lands without paying due compensation, violating their fundamental right to property. The petition was filed in 2014, more than six decades after the 1955 notification that…

The appellant, Zubair P, a teacher with BA and MA in Economics and a B.Ed. in Social Sciences, had passed the State Eligibility Test (SET) in Malayalam and was appointed as Higher Secondary School Teacher (Economics) on 15 July 2021. The State of Kerala and other respondents objected, contending that the Kerala Educati…

The appellants were convicted under Section 3 read with Section 7 of the Essential Commodities Act, 1955 for allegedly possessing and diverting government‑quota cement in 1994. The prosecution relied on the Maharashtra Cement (Licensing and Control) Order, 1973 and the Cement Control Order, 1967, but the Supreme Court …

The Tiruchirappalli District Cricket Association (TDCA), a society registered under the Tamil Nadu Societies Registration Act, 1975, was challenged by a former office‑bearer (respondent No.2) who sought a fresh voters list and a free, fair election, invoking directions from the High Court that were based on the S. Nith…

The appellants, a group of agriculturists and a nearby school, challenged a Change of Land Use (CLU) dated 13‑12‑2021 that permitted a cement‑related grinding unit on land classified as a rural agricultural zone in the Sangrur Master Plan. The High Court had upheld the CLU, relying on a subsequent approval recorded on …

The appellant, Sujata Bora, applied for a Management Trainee position at Coal India Limited (CIL) in 2019 under the Visually Handicapped category and qualified for the interview. She was later declared unfit during the Initial Medical Examination because she also had residuary partial hemiparesis, and CIL denied her ap…

The petitioner, Dinesh Biwaji Ashtikar, sought admission for his children in a nearby unaided school under the 25% quota mandated by Section 12 of the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009, but the school refused and the High Court dismissed his writ on the ground that he had not followed the onl…

The deceased Dr. Mahendra Prasad died in 2021 leaving three sons; one son, Ranjit Sharma, died after his father’s death and his wife Geeta Sharma filed a maintenance petition under the Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act, 1956, claiming she was a dependant. The Family Court dismissed the petition, holding she was not a…

The appellant, Angelwoods Apartment Allottees Association, challenged the approval of its resolution plan by the NCLT, which was appealed by respondent M Lalitha, a financial creditor, under Section 61 of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code. Lalitha filed the appeal on the last permissible day but failed to attach a cer…

The complainant alleged that Narayana Multispecialty Hospital overcharged for an HRCT test that was not performed, delayed the supply of medical records, and that hospital staff threatened him when he raised the issue. He filed a criminal complaint invoking Sections 405, 420 and 120B of the IPC and Section 34 of the We…

The appellants filed a public interest litigation seeking the inclusion of the Rajasthani language in the syllabus of the Rajasthan Eligibility Examination for Teachers (REET) 2021 and the use of Rajasthani as a medium of instruction in schools. The High Court dismissed the petition, holding that a writ of mandamus req…

The appellant, a police constable, was dismissed by the Deputy Commissioner of Police under clause (b) of the second proviso to Article 311(2) of the Constitution without a departmental inquiry, on the ground that it was not reasonably practicable to hold one due to alleged threat, intimidation and possible tampering o…

The appellants, employees of the Air Force Group Insurance Society (AFGIS), challenged the Society's decision to revise their pay scales without linking them to the Sixth Pay Commission, filing writ petitions in the Delhi High Court. The High Court dismissed the petitions, holding that AFGIS could not be classified as …

The case concerned ex‑servicemen who, after being granted disability pension, sought arrears of pension dating back to their discharge dates, invoking the Supreme Court's 2014 judgment in Union of India v. Ram Avtar which recognized a broad‑banding right. The Union of India appealed, arguing that the Limitation Act, 19…

The dispute arose from a sale of cotton bales between CCI and M/s Lakshmi Ganesh Textiles Ltd, which led to an arbitral award for recovery of money in 2001. The award was challenged but the challenge was dismissed in 2013. Subsequently, ICICI Bank, as a secured creditor, attached the debtor's properties under the SARFA…

The Ansal Crown Heights Flat Buyers Association, representing flat buyers, entered into agreements with Ansal Crown Infrabuild Pvt. Ltd. (ACIPL) for possession of apartments, which were not delivered. The association filed two consumer complaints against ACIPL and its directors/promoters; the National Consumer Disputes…

The plaintiff Gopal sued the deceased vendor Kishorilal for specific performance of a sale agreement; the vendor's heirs and the purchasers (appellants 2 and 3) were joined in the suit which was decreed in Kishorilal's favour. An appeal (F.A. No.213 of 2000) was filed, but Kishorilal died and his four legal heirs were …

The appellant, the Commissioner of Bruhat Bangalore Mahanagara Palike, was sued for injuries suffered by a passenger when a branch from a roadside tree fell on a stationary auto‑rickshaw during heavy rain. The passenger filed a claim under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, seeking compensation, which was initially dismisse…

The dispute concerned a 95.80‑acre family property originally transferred in 1960 to the appellant, Makardhwaj Ram, and his mother. Subsequent sales by a cousin acting under a General Power of Attorney were later cancelled, leading to multiple suits challenging those sales, all of which were dismissed. The appellant la…

Surekha Domaji Bele, an Upper Division Clerk with over two decades of service at MSEDCL, was suspended in 2006 for alleged indiscipline and related misconduct. A domestic enquiry was held but later declared unfair, leading to a de novo adjudication before the Labour Court where misconduct was proved. The employer dismi…

The District Civil Surgeon, acting as the appropriate authority under the Pre‑Natal Diagnostic Techniques (Prohibition of Sex Selection) Act, 1994, conducted a search, seized Dr. Ramesh’s sonography equipment and issued a notice under s.20(1) of the Act. Dr. Ramesh appeared before the Advisory Committee, which found pr…

The appellants, who were family members, were charged under Sections 3(1)(r) and 3(1)(s) of the SC/ST Act and Section 506 read with Section 34 of the IPC for allegedly hurling caste‑based insults and threatening the complainant inside a residential house. The trial court framed charges, which the High Court upheld, but…

The case concerned the inter‑se seniority of Assistant Engineers (Electrical) recruited directly versus those selected internally by the Tamil Nadu Electricity Board. Direct recruits were appointed between December 2000 and March 2001, while internal candidates were promoted in May 2002. The dispute centered on whether…

Rajkumar Yadav applied for the post of constable (driver) in the Madhya Pradesh Police but was rejected by the screening committee because he had been involved in offences of kidnapping, abduction and rape of a minor girl, and his acquittal by the trial court was only on the basis of benefit of doubt, not an honourable…

The Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM) entered into a consultancy contract with M/s R.V. Anderson Associates Ltd. and, after completion of work, a payment dispute arose. The parties invoked an arbitration clause, appointing two arbitrators who later appointed a presiding arbitrator after the 30‑day period p…

The case involved the alleged arson and murder of an elderly couple whose shanty was set ablaze, resulting in the death of the husband and later his wife. The prosecution alleged that the younger son and his wife committed the crime, relying primarily on several dying declarations, motive stemming from a property dispu…

The case concerned candidates who had secured ranks in the Civil Services Examination and claimed OBC (Non‑Creamy Layer) reservation, but were denied on the ground that their parents' salary income exceeded the creamy‑layer ceiling as per the Department of Personnel and Training's (DoPT) application of the 1993 Office …

The case concerned whether the retired employees of the Heavy Water Plant (HWP) of the Department of Atomic Energy, Tuticorin, are covered by the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972. The employees had received gratuity under the CCS (Pension) Rules, 1972 and sought the higher amount prescribed under the Gratuity Act, leading…

Hemlata Eknath Pise was dismissed from service by Shubham Bahu‑uddeshiya Sanstha, but the School Tribunal had earlier set aside the dismissal and ordered her reinstatement with benefits. The High Court, on a writ petition filed by the respondent, remanded the matter back to the Tribunal, basing its decision solely on t…

K. Rajaiah, a court attender, was dismissed after a disciplinary inquiry concluded that he had fabricated a handwritten medical certificate to justify his unauthorized absence from 3‑8‑2017 to 7‑8‑2017. The inquiry relied on the testimony of Dr. Bommaraveni, who denied issuing the certificate and alleged it was fabrica…

The State of Madhya Pradesh appealed against directions issued by the Madhya Pradesh High Court that trial courts, while trying cases under the Prevention of Corruption Act, must examine the sanctioning authority under Section 311 of the Code of Criminal Procedure before charge‑framing, even when the accused does not c…

The parties were married in 2002 and have two children. They lived separately from 2018, with the husband filing for divorce on grounds of cruelty and desertion under Sections 13(1)(ia) and 13(1)(ib) of the Hindu Marriage Act. The Family Court found that the wife’s conduct amounted to cruelty and that the husband had b…

The landlord, the legal heirs of the deceased Sri M.V. Ramachandrasa, sued M/s Mahendra Watch Company and its partners for unlawful sub‑letting of a shop premises in Bengaluru. The trial court held that the original tenant had part‑ed with legal possession to respondents No.2 and No.3, who were strangers to the lease, …

The appellants were convicted under IPC sections 323 and 324 read with section 34 for assaulting a victim's family and were sentenced only to pay fines of Rs.500 and Rs.2,000 respectively. They appealed, seeking the benefit of sections 3 and 4 of the Probation of Offenders Act, 1958, arguing that the Act should apply e…

Retired employees of the Kerala State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) challenged a Government Order that enhanced dearness allowance (DA) for serving employees by 14% but dearness relief (DR) for pensioners by only 11%, alleging violation of Article 14 of the Constitution. The High Court held the differential rates …

The appellant, a long‑serving employee of a cooperative society, was recommended by the Board of Directors and approved by the General Body for promotion to Society Manager, with a relaxation in educational qualifications due to his experience. The Registrar rejected the relaxation, citing lack of required qualificatio…

The suspended director of Ambro Asia Private Limited, Nitendra Kumar Tomer, appealed to the NCLAT against the NCLT's order admitting an operational creditor's application under Section 9 of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC). The appeal was filed in the name of the corporate debtor even though an interim resoluti…

The case concerned two sugarcane growers' cooperative societies (Bajpur and Gadarpur) whose areas of operation were split between Uttar Pradesh and the newly created state of Uttarakhand after the Uttar Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2000. The societies were reorganised under the Reorganisation Act, limiting their operati…

The appellant Pooranmal was convicted along with co‑accused Ladu Lal for the murder of Ladu Lal’s wife, Aruna, under Sections 302/34 and 201 of the IPC. The prosecution’s case against Pooranmal rested solely on three pieces of circumstantial evidence: call detail records showing frequent communication with Ladu Lal, a …

The petitioners, parents of individuals who died after receiving COVID‑19 vaccines, filed a writ petition under Article 32 seeking an independent medical board, protocols for early detection of adverse events and compensation. Similar petitions were filed in the Kerala High Court, which directed the Union to formulate …

The CBI laid a trap after a complaint that Income Tax Inspector Baljeet Singh (A2) demanded a bribe of Rs 5 lakhs on behalf of Assessing Officer Arun Kumar Gurjar (A1). During the trap, marked notes smeared with phenolphthalein were recovered from A2's coat pocket and his hands turned pink in a sodium carbonate test, c…

The appellant, a descendant and trustee of the Srimati Radhika Sinha Institute and Sachchidanand Sinha Library, challenged the Bihar State Legislature's 2015 Act that compulsorily acquired the Institute and dissolved its trust. The High Court had upheld the Act, but the Supreme Court examined whether the legislation wa…

The Supreme Court considered an appeal by minority shareholders of Bharti Telecom Limited (BTL) who challenged the company’s reduction of share capital under s.66 of the Companies Act, 2013, alleging that the valuation and the notice were unfair and misleading. BTL had cancelled 28.4 million shares held by the appellan…

Ramadebi Rautray contested the election of Basanti Sahoo (the respondent) as Chairman of the Delang Panchayat Samiti, alleging that the respondent was disqualified under Section 45(1)(v) of the Orissa Panchayat Samiti Act, 1959 for having a third child after the statutory cut‑off date. The Election Tribunal found the r…

The accused, Dr. Anand Rai, was charged under several IPC provisions and the SC/ST Act for allegedly taking part in a stone‑throwing scuffle at a public event. He sought discharge under s.227 CrPC, arguing that the SC/ST charges lacked essential ingredients such as the victim’s caste status and his knowledge of it. The…

British Motor Car Company (1939) Ltd., the landlord, leased premises to Hindustan Commercial Bank (HCB). In 1986 HCB was amalgamated into Punjab National Bank (PNB) under a scheme framed by the RBI pursuant to Section 45 of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949, causing HCB to cease to exist and its tenancy rights to vest i…

Baksish Ahmad, a Border Security Force constable, was dismissed for contracting a second marriage without permission. He filed a statutory petition under Rule 28A of the BSF Rules, which was rejected, and subsequently filed a writ petition under Article 226 of the Constitution in the Delhi High Court. The Delhi High Co…

The appellant Roma Ahuja filed an FIR (No. 121 of 2011) alleging offences of voluntarily causing hurt and assault under Sections 323 and 341 IPC, read with Section 34. The High Court of Delhi quashed the FIR on the ground that the charge‑sheet was filed after the one‑year limitation period prescribed under Section 468 …

The case concerns a suit for specific performance of an 1988 agreement to sell agricultural land, where the plaintiff paid Rs.7,75,000 and claimed readiness to execute the sale deed, but the defendants alleged non‑payment of cash and lack of willingness. The trial court dismissed the specific performance claim, but the…

The appeal concerned the execution of a compromise decree dated 14 July 2017 that divided a 51‑R plot of land between the parties. The defendant, as decree holder, obtained an order from the executing court that altered the portions of land allotted to each party, citing impracticalities such as non‑conforming construc…

Malkit Singh, president of the Manimajara Vyaapar Mandal, filed a writ petition seeking the removal of fruit‑vendors, hawkers and other street sellers who were encroaching on public paths, roads and property in Chandigarh, alleging nuisance and traffic hazards. The High Court dismissed the petition and imposed costs, p…

The work under a contract was completed on 30 July 2000, but no final bill or measurement certificate was issued by the Engineer-in-Charge. The State of West Bengal filed a notice seeking arbitration on 2 June 2022, more than 21 years after completion, and the High Court ordered arbitration, holding that the limitation…

The appellant, Shuvendu Saha, was involved in a tenancy dispute with the respondent‑2 complainant, which was settled in a civil suit that was subsequently dismissed. Despite the settlement, the complainant filed a criminal complaint leading to an FIR for offences under Sections 409, 417, 418, 419, 420 and 506(2) IPC an…

MSEDCL issued a Letter of Intent (LOI) accepting R Z Malpani's bid for a civil work tender but the LOI was conditional and did not constitute a final contract. The parties never executed a work order, and the LOI merely allowed preliminaries. The respondent invoked the arbitration clause in the tender's Special Conditi…

The appellants, Gobind Singh and others, sued the Union of India and others for a declaration of title and permanent injunction over land in Gwalior. The trial court decreed in their favour, but the respondents appealed; during the appeal the appellants filed an application under Order XLI Rule 27 CPC to produce certif…

The complainant, married to Dr. Rishi Raj, filed an FIR in March 2022 alleging torture, dowry demands and an attempt to strangle her, implicating her husband, his parents (the appellants) and his sister‑in‑law. The parents‑in‑law and sister‑in‑law sought quashing of the criminal proceedings under Section 482 CrPC; the …

The appellants were appointed as junior staff nurses on an "academic arrangement" basis under the 2009 SRO, and later sought regularisation under the Jammu and Kashmir Civil Services (Special Provisions) Act, 2010, which excluded such appointments via Section 3(b). The State argued that the exclusion was valid because …

The Managing Committee of Namatara Girls High School obtained a grant‑in‑aid order from the State Education Tribunal, which the State of Odisha appealed to the High Court in 2015 without a certified copy of the tribunal order, rendering the appeal time‑barred. After an eight‑year delay, the State secured the certified …

The appellant, brother‑in‑law of a deceased woman alleged to have died in a dowry case, filed an anticipatory bail application fearing arrest under the Dowry Prohibition Act. The High Court granted anticipatory bail but limited its effect only until the filing of the charge‑sheet, after which the protection ceased and …

The dispute arose between the promoters of M/s Shreemukh Namitha Homes Pvt Ltd and two former directors over alleged illegal convening of an extraordinary general meeting, appointment of directors, and filing of false documents on the MCA website. The complainant filed a private complaint before the Special Court, whic…

The Supreme Court examined a criminal appeal challenging the Allahabad High Court's order granting bail to Respondent No.2, who was accused of gang‑rape, sexual assault and recording the act against a minor under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita and the POCSO Act. The FIR was lodged on 2 December 2024 and a chargesheet file…

The appellants, investment companies of the Jindal Group, held shares of Jindal Ferro Alloys Ltd (JFAL) as stock-in-trade and, following a court‑sanctioned scheme of amalgamation, were allotted shares of Jindal Strips Ltd (JSL) in exchange. The Assessing Officer treated the JSL shares as taxable business income under s…

The State of Uttar Pradesh appealed against a High Court order that granted bail to the accused Anurudh and directed that a medical board determine the victim's age in all POCSO cases. The accused was charged under IPC sections 363 and 366 and POCSO sections 7 and 8 for allegedly abducting a 12‑year‑old girl. The High …

The appellant sought specific performance of a sale deed for 3.75 acres of land, and the trial court decreed payment of the balance consideration within a month or deposit in court. The appellant failed to pay or deposit until November 2020, while the respondent filed an appeal that was dismissed for non‑prosecution in…

Indian Railways sought open access to procure 100 MW of power and claimed it is a deemed distribution licensee (DDL) under the Electricity Act, 2003, thereby exempt from cross‑subsidy surcharge (CSS) and additional surcharge. The dispute centered on whether activities under sections 11(g) and 11(h) of the Railways Act …

The appellant State of Jharkhand sought to uphold the dismissal of Constable Ranjan Kumar, who was found to have obtained dual appointments in Jharkhand and Bihar police forces using forged documents and assumed a false identity. The respondent contested the dismissal, alleging lack of evidence, procedural irregulariti…

K.G. Seshadri, a clerk appointed by State Bank of India in 1978 and confirmed in 1979, left the country in 1989, returned in 2004 and sought re‑employment, which the bank refused and instead declared his services voluntarily abandoned in 2008. He filed writ petitions and a claim before the Labour Court for pension bene…

M/s Chopra Hotels Private Limited (the appellant) owned a property whose building plan was affected by an interim order dated 24‑12‑2025 issued in CWP No. 38742 of 2025, which kept certain provisions of the Punjab Unified Building Rules, 2025 in abeyance. The High Court refused to implead the appellant in that writ pro…

The appellant was convicted under the NDNDPS Act for possession of 4.1 kg of charas and was sentenced to 12 years' rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs.1,20,000 for offences under s.20(b)(ii)(C), s.25 and s.29, with the sentences ordered to run concurrently. He appealed, contending that s.25 and s.29 are merely ancil…

The State of Uttar Pradesh sought to overturn a High Court order that directed it to consider the candidature of several Ayurvedic Nursing Training course graduates, including Bhawana Mishra, for appointment as Ayurvedic Staff Nurses. The respondents argued that admission to the training course historically created a l…

The dispute concerned three settlement deeds executed by the deceased parents in favour of their elder son, which the appellant, Dr. C.S. Prasad, claimed were obtained fraudulently by the respondents exploiting the parents' age and medical vulnerability. He filed a criminal complaint in 2020, leading to FIR No. 229 of …

Ultratech Cement Ltd., which operates two cement plants in Gujarat, used heavy earth‑moving and construction equipment such as dumpers, loaders, excavators and dozers within its factory premises. The Gujarat State authorities directed registration of these machines and levied road tax under the Gujarat Motor Vehicles T…

The respondents challenged a batch of FIRs registered between 2016 and 2020 at the Anti‑Corruption Bureau’s Central Investigation Unit in Vijayawada, alleging that the office had not been notified as a police station under Section 2(s) of the Code of Criminal Procedure and therefore lacked jurisdiction. The High Court …

The complainant, Sumit Bansal, entered into a sale agreement with MGI Developers and its proprietor Manoj Goyal, paying the full consideration. When the sale deeds were not executed, the parties issued several cheques—both from the firm and personally by the proprietor—which were subsequently dishonoured and statutory …

The appellant, Roshni Devi, challenged a preventive detention order issued against her mother, a drug offender, under the Telangana Prevention of Dangerous Activities Act, 1986. The detaining authority relied on three NDPS cases and an apprehension that the detenu would resume illegal activities if released on bail, wi…

The Delhi Electricity Regulatory Commission (Commission) approved a power purchase agreement (PPA) for the Rithala Combined Cycle Power Plant with a six‑year operational period, after which the plant ceased supplying electricity in March 2018. Tata Power Delhi Distribution Limited (TPDDL) later sought to recover the re…

L.K. Trust borrowed Rs.3.80 crore from Corporation Bank to purchase shares of Shaw Wallace and transferred the amount to its subsidiary, which in turn advanced it to a third party for the same purpose. The Trust paid Rs.21,74,234 as interest on the loan and claimed a deduction under section 36(1)(iii) of the Income Tax…

The appellant, Gautam Satnami, was convicted of murder under Section 302 IPC based largely on a 'last‑seen' testimony, recovery of a blood‑stained axe and his driving licence, and alleged motive. The High Court affirmed the conviction, but the Supreme Court examined whether the circumstantial evidence formed a complete…

The West Bengal State Electricity Transmission Co. Ltd. advertised 30 Junior Engineer posts, including one unreserved vacancy reserved for persons with disability‑low vision (UR‑PWD‑LV) and five posts for OBC‑A. Respondent No.1, a PWD‑LV candidate, applied for the unreserved post and scored 55.667 marks, while Responde…

Renuka filed a complaint under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act against the second respondent, who had issued a cheque of ₹50 crore as part of a settlement agreement with her husband. The cheque was dishonoured with the remark "payment stopped by drawer" and Renuka served the statutory notice, leading to t…

The respondent, a senior officer of UCO Bank, gave a three‑month notice of voluntary retirement on 4 October 2010. While the notice was pending, the bank issued a show‑cause notice on 11 November 2010, but it did not expressly indicate the institution of disciplinary proceedings. The bank later refused the retirement o…

Regenta Hotels Private Limited entered into a franchise agreement with M/s Hotel Grand Centre Point and, after disputes arose, obtained an ad‑interim injunction under Section 9 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 on 17 February 2024. The appellant served a notice invoking arbitration on 11 April 2024, to whic…

The respondent, a beneficiary of shares bequeathed by his mother, sought registration of the transmission of those shares after the company refused to register them. The refusal triggered an appeal under the erstwhile Companies Act, 1956, which the respondent failed to file within the prescribed two‑month period; he la…

The plaintiff‑appellant, Muslimveetil Chalakkal Ahammed Haji, sought specific performance of a 2007 agreement to purchase a 1/11th share of a three‑acre school property from the defendant‑respondent, Sakeena Beevi, who was one of nine heirs. After the death of the father, the heirs executed an unregistered power of att…

The case arose from a murder investigation where the FIR named nine persons, but the police filed a charge sheet against only three, filing a closure report for the remaining six. Based on oral eyewitness testimony, the first informant applied under Section 319 CrPC to have the six dropped co-accused added as accused; …

The Tuticorin Port Trust awarded a dredging contract to Jan De Nul Dredging India, which completed the work ahead of schedule. A dispute over unpaid dues led to arbitration, where the tribunal awarded Rs.14.66 crore as idle‑time compensation for the Backhoe Dredger (Claim No.7). The Port Trust challenged the award unde…

The appellant, Habban Shah, had agreed to sell agricultural land to the respondent, Sheruddin, for a stipulated price, receiving an advance but requiring the balance payment before execution of the sale deed. The trial court decreed specific performance, directing the appellant to execute the deed within three months o…

The appellants, manufacturers of formaldehyde and its resins, operated units in Rajasthan and Haryana under Consent to Establish (CTE) and Consent to Operate (CTO) granted by the respective State Pollution Control Boards (PCBs). The National Green Tribunal (NGT) ordered closure of these units for lacking prior Environm…

The case arose from a boundary dispute between close relatives in which the deceased Ganesan’s brother was killed after a heated altercation. The accused Senthil (A‑1) and Sivakumar (A‑2) were originally convicted of offences under Sections 324 and 325 IPC respectively, while the trial court acquitted them of the more …

The appellant, a pediatric surgeon, performed an orchidectomy on a 1½‑year‑old boy after obtaining a consent form that listed both orchidopexy and orchidectomy, but the father alleged that consent for orchidectomy was never given and that the term was interpolated. An FIR was filed under multiple IPC sections and the c…

The case concerned an FIR registered on 18 October 2022 alleging assault, criminal intimidation and related offences against eight persons, including Sajal Bose, his wife Nabina Bose and Chandidas Joardar. The High Court quashed the proceedings against two co‑accused but refused to grant the same relief to the three ap…

The Supreme Court examined a public‑interest writ petition filed by Save Mon Region Federation alleging that the Arunachal Pradesh government had repeatedly awarded public‑works contracts through non‑tender methods, favoured firms linked to the Chief Minister and other officials, and failed to maintain proper procureme…

The petitioners, Amit Kumar and others, filed an interlocutory application in Criminal Appeal No. 1425 of 2025 seeking the appointment of Dr. T.C.A. Anant, former Chief Statistician of India, as a Technical Consultant to the National Task Force tasked with analysing survey data on student mental health and suicide prev…

Nav Nirman Builders & Developers Pvt. Ltd. (appellant) had two parcels of land provisionally attached under the Prevention of Money‑Laundering Act, 2002 (PMLA) and a confirmation order under s.8(3) was challenged before the Appellate Tribunal under s.26. While the appeal was pending, the Enforcement Directorate filed a…

The appellant claimants, the widow, minor children and parents of a 37‑year‑old driver who died instantly when his two‑wheeler was hit by a tanker, filed a claim petition under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 seeking just compensation. The Motor Accidents Claims Tribunal initially assessed the victim's monthly income at R…

The respondent, a model, complained that a haircut she received at the beauty salon of ITC Maurya Hotel was faulty, alleging deficiency in service and medical negligence. The National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (NCDRC) awarded her ₹2 crore in compensation, relying mainly on photocopies of various documents …

The State of West Bengal sought to overturn a High Court order that allowed Jai Hind Pvt. Ltd. to retain about 211 acres of land under Section 6(1)(j) of the West Bengal Estates Acquisition Act, 1953. The company had previously been denied the benefit because it failed to prove it was exclusively engaged in agricultura…

The plaintiff, sister of the first defendant, executed a limited Power of Attorney (PoA) on 31 July 1998, which she later cancelled after learning that the first defendant had used it to sell her immovable properties to the second and third defendants on 15 March 2007. The plaintiff alleged that the PoA presented by th…

The Supreme Court heard a miscellaneous application filed by amicus curiae Ms. Jayna Kothari seeking the inclusion of Ms. Aparna Mehrotra, Senior Associate of the Centre for Law and Policy Research, as a member of the Advisory Committee constituted on 17 October 2025 to address the concerns of the transgender community…

The appellant, a former promoter and non‑executive chairman of Amtek Auto Ltd., was arrested in July 2024 on allegations of massive bank fraud and money‑laundering under the Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002 (PMLA). Despite cooperating with the investigation and being the sole accused taken into custody among 28…

The appellant UV Asset Reconstruction Company claimed that Electrosteel Castings Ltd (ECL), as promoter of borrower Electrosteel Steels Ltd (ESL), had provided a guarantee for a Rs 500 crore loan from SREI, based on Clause 2.2 of a Deed of Undertaking which required ECL to arrange infusion of funds to help ESL meet fin…

The case concerned the allocation of a General Insider vacancy in the Karnataka cadre of the Indian Forest Service. G. Kiran, an SC candidate, had availed the relaxed cut‑off in the Preliminary Examination and subsequently secured a higher rank than the General candidate Antony S Mariyappa in the final merit list. The …

The State of Delhi appealed against a Delhi High Court decision that held each deposit made by investors in a large cheating scheme constituted a separate transaction and that separate FIRs and charge sheets were required. The scheme, alleged to involve 1,852 victims defrauded of ₹46.40 crore, was initially investigate…

The respondent filed a complaint under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act alleging dishonour of a cheque, but the complaint was filed two days after the statutory one‑month period. The magistrate took cognizance of the complaint on the same day it was filed, before any application for condonation of the dela…

The Karnataka Lokayukta initiated criminal prosecution against an Executive Engineer (Electrical) accused of demanding a bribe after a successful trap set up by the Anti‑Corruption Bureau. The department’s disciplinary enquiry later exonerated the officer on technical grounds, prompting him to seek quashing of the crim…

The appellants were sub‑plot owners of a 9,303 sq m parcel in Surat that had been declared excess land under the Urban Land (Ceiling and Regulation) Act, 1976 (ULC Act). The State issued a notice under s.10(5) of the ULC Act only to the original landowner, not to the appellants who were in actual possession, and subseq…

The petitioners challenged the Punjab government's alteration of the sports‑quota admission criteria for MBBS/BDS courses, which expanded the "zone of consideration" from Classes XI‑XII to include Classes IX‑X after applications had been filed. They argued that the mid‑stream change was arbitrary, violated Article 14’s…

The appellant, a former Storage Superintendent of the Maharashtra State Warehousing Corporation, retired on 31 August 2008 and was later served with a series of show‑cause notices alleging large railway transportation and storage losses during his tenure. After an unsatisfactory reply, the Corporation instituted a depa…

The Ghaziabad Development Authority (GDA) conducted an open auction for a 3,150‑sq‑m industrial plot, fixing a reserve price of Rs.25,600 per sq m. Golden Food Products India submitted the highest financial bid of Rs.29,500 per sq m, which was accepted as the highest bid. The GDA later cancelled the bid, citing that si…

The Bihar Road Construction Department issued recruitment advertisements in 2019 for Assistant Engineer posts under the Bihar Engineering Services Class‑II Recruitment Rules, 2019. The written examinations were held in March 2022 and provisional merit lists were published in June‑July 2022. After the merit lists were i…

The Supreme Court examined the Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process (CIRP) of Earth Infrastructures Limited (EIL) and whether the lease‑hold lands held by its subsidiaries could be treated as assets of the corporate debtor. The Court found that the subsidiaries were merely fronts for EIL, which was the real develope…

The appellants, Shashin Patel and Bhavini Patel, heirs of the original occupier of Flat No.7 in Malboro House Co‑operative Housing Society, sought admission as members of the Society by paying the required contribution many years after the Society’s formation. Their application was initially rejected by the Society’s A…

The appellant, Reginamary Chellamani, was arrested for alleged offences under Sections 8(c), 20(b)(ii)(C), 22(c), 23, 28 and 29 of the NDPS Act read with Section 135 of the Customs Act, after a contraband substance exceeding the commercial quantity was seized from her. She had been in pre‑trial detention for 4 years, 1…

The case involved a long‑standing family dispute over 79 agricultural parcels in Tiruchirappalli, where the plaintiff sought a one‑fourth share of the properties alleging they were joint Hindu family assets, while the appellant claimed several parcels were self‑acquired and that alienations by the family head were vali…

The dispute arose from a Leave and License Agreement between Motilal Oswal Financial Services Ltd. and Santosh Cordeiro, which contained an arbitration clause in Clause 33. The respondent filed a Section 11 application under the Arbitration & Conciliation Act, 1996 seeking appointment of a sole arbitrator, which the Hi…

The petitioner, Dharmendra Sharma, filed contempt petitions alleging that respondent No.1 (M. Arunmozhi) willfully failed to refund Rs.3,99,100, the cost of non‑judicial stamp papers, as directed by the Supreme Court in Dharmendra Sharma v. Agra Development Authority (2025) 1 SCC 422. The respondent returned the expire…

The appellant, Bhagheeratha Engineering Ltd., was awarded four road‑maintenance contracts under the Kerala State Transport Project and, after disputes over payments, referred the matters to an adjudicator under the contract’s General Conditions. The adjudicator decided in favour of the appellant on two disputes and aga…

The appellants, a consortium formed by Bhadra International (India) Pvt. Ltd. and Novia International Consulting Aps, entered into a license agreement with the Airports Authority of India (AAI) that provided for arbitration by a sole arbitrator appointed by the AAI Chairman. After disputes arose in 2015, the AAI unilat…

The suit was filed by the heirs of a property owner to recover service charges from a sub-tenant, respondent No.3, who failed to appear, leading to an ex‑parte decree. The appellant, NAK Engineering Company Pvt. Ltd., later sought to be impleaded, claiming it was the successor of respondent No.3 under the Companies Act…

The Supreme Court examined bail applications of several accused in the 2020 Delhi riots case under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967. It balanced the constitutional right to liberty under Article 21 against the statutory bail restriction in Section 43D(5) of the UAPA, considering the length of pre‑trial de…

The appellant, an Additional District Judge with 27 years of unblemished service, was removed from service after a departmental inquiry relied solely on four bail orders in which he allegedly failed to refer to Section 59‑A of the Madhya Pradesh Excise Act. A complaint alleged that the judge took bribes through his ste…

Adani Power Ltd., operating a coal‑based power plant in the Mundra SEZ, challenged the levy of customs duty on electricity exported from its SEZ unit to the Domestic Tariff Area (DTA) under several notifications issued between 2010 and 2016. The Gujarat High Court, in a 2015 judgment, held that no lawful charging event…

The father of the appellants filed a criminal complaint in 2007 alleging that while on Haj pilgrimage the accused forged his signature and created bogus partition and sale deeds to insert their names into revenue records. Despite multiple orders, the investigation stalled, case papers were lost, and a re‑investigation …

The complainant company alleged that the appellants forged documents to obtain a property measurement and sought registration of a FIR. After filing complaints with the Deputy Superintendent of Land Records, the authority declined coercive action and referred the matter to the police, which returned the case to the lan…

The Rajasthan Public Service Commission (RPSC) issued an advertisement on 7 March 2024 for 181 Assistant Prosecution Officer posts, requiring a law degree. Several candidates applied online before obtaining their degrees and later acquired the qualification on 22 August 2024. The RPSC issued press notes clarifying that…

The husband of a patient filed a consumer complaint under the Consumer Protection Act, 1986 alleging medical negligence by Dr. P.B. Lall, which was partly upheld by the District Forum awarding compensation. The State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission set aside the award, and the matter proceeded to the National Co…

The dispute arose when Dhananjay Pande (respondent No.1) invested substantial funds in Dr. Bais Surgical and Medical Institute Pvt. Ltd and was appointed Managing Director, but the company failed to enter his name in the register of members despite allotting shares. Pande filed petitions under Sections 397 and 398 of t…

The Supreme Court examined the status and remuneration of part‑time contractual instructors appointed under the Samagra Shiksha Scheme in Uttar Pradesh. The teachers had been hired in 2013 on a fixed honorarium of Rs 7,000 per month for an eleven‑month contract, but the contract was repeatedly renewed for over ten year…

The dispute involved the custody of two minor sons of an Indian couple married under Muslim Personal Law and residing in Qatar. After a divorce, the Qatar court granted custody of the children to the mother and guardianship to the father, but later revoked the mother's custody when she removed the children to India wit…

The appellant, Rupesh Kumar Meena, an IPS officer of the Tamil Nadu cadre selected in the 2004 Combined Civil Services Examination (ST category), claimed entitlement to the ‘insider’ vacancy in the Rajasthan cadre after the two candidates senior to him in the merit list declined the post. He filed an original applicati…

The appellants purchased a residential flat in 2005 and, after delayed possession and alleged changes to the layout, filed a consumer complaint in 2017 alleging deficiency of service and unfair trade practice. The respondents contended that the flat was bought for commercial purposes because it was later leased to a th…

The appellants were charged under sections 376D, 352, 504 and 506 IPC based on an FIR filed in 2013. After investigation, the police submitted a closure report in 2014 which was accepted by the Judicial Magistrate in 2015. Several years later, the NHRC prompted a fresh inquiry, and the State government directed the CBC…

The appellant, a construction contractor, entered into a contract with the Rajasthan Housing Board for the construction of houses and later claimed non‑payment of escalation costs. Clause 23 of the contract provided for a Standing Committee to settle disputes, but the Board failed to constitute such a committee, prompt…

The parties, Ankhim Holdings and Zaveri Construction, formed a partnership to develop an SRA project and later fell into dispute. The Bombay High Court appointed an arbitrator under the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 to resolve the dispute. While arbitration was pending, the respondent was admitted to corporate…

The appellant, C. Velusamy, and the respondent, K Indhera, entered into three sale agreements that later gave rise to arbitration. A sole arbitrator was appointed, and pleadings were completed on 20‑08‑2022, starting the 12‑month period for award under s.29A(1) of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996. The parties…

The appellant, P. Suresh, filed a suit for permanent injunction over disputed land before the District Munsif Court, Tambaram. The defendants contested the title and alleged the plaintiff's documents were forged, seeking to have the plaint struck off. The High Court of Madras, invoking its supervisory jurisdiction unde…

The appellant, a suspended director of Essel Infraprojects Ltd., was a corporate guarantor for a loan taken by Pan India Utilities Distribution Company Ltd. from Jammu and Kashmir Bank. The bank filed a Section 7 insolvency petition before the NCLT, which was admitted, and the appellant's appeal before the NCLAT was di…

The National Highway Authority of India (NHAI) sought arbitration under the National Highways Act for compensation relating to land acquisition, resulting in an arbitral award on 03‑02‑2022. Both parties filed applications under Section 33 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996, which were dismissed by the arbit…

The appellant, a married daughter, applied for allotment of a fair‑price shop under the dependent quota after her mother, the previous dealer, died. The Sub‑Divisional Magistrate and the Deputy Commissioner rejected her claim, relying on a clause in the 2016 Uttar Pradesh Essential Commodities Order that excluded "marr…

The State of Punjab appealed a High Court order that granted regular bail to Balraj Singh, who was accused of directing a heroin trafficking network from inside jail and was charged under Sections 21(c), 29, 61 and 85 of the NDPS Act. The High Court had relied on the length of the respondent's custody and the anticipat…

The marriage between Dr. Sonal Talpada and Dr. Veerbhan Singh, solemnised in 2007, quickly deteriorated, with the parties cohabiting for only two to three months and living apart for about fifteen years thereafter. The husband filed a divorce petition in 2009 alleging cruelty, primarily the wife's persistent refusal to…

The appellant, Shankar, was convicted for brutally beating his wife, Sugna Bai, pouring kerosene on her and setting her on fire, resulting in her death. The trial court sentenced him to life imprisonment under Section 302 IPC and a year under Section 342 IPC, relying heavily on the victim's dying declaration. On appeal…

M/s A.K.G. Construction and Developers Pvt. Ltd was contracted by the Jharkhand Water and Sanitation Department to build an elevated service reservoir. The reservoir's top dome collapsed on 1 June 2024, prompting a show‑cause notice alleging negligence and poor quality. The department subsequently issued a combined ter…

The senior manager of Punjab & Sind Bank was dismissed for conniving with an officer and a gunman to misappropriate customer funds. The two co‑offenders received lighter penalties – compulsory retirement for the gunman and a pay reduction for the officer. The manager challenged the dismissal, alleging discrimination un…

The case concerned a petition by Sandeep Singh Bora (appellant) challenging a High Court interim order that directed the Returning Officer to allot a party symbol to respondent Narendra Singh Deopa and allow him to contest the Zila Panchayat election after his nomination had been cancelled for alleged non‑disclosure. T…

The dispute arose from a partnership where Rajia Begum claimed a 50.33% stake based on an Admission Deed dated 17 April 2007, which she alleged was forged. The High Court, in one proceeding, referred the suit to arbitration under Section 8 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996, while in another it refused to ap…

The State of Tamil Nadu filed a suit under Article 131 of the Constitution against Karnataka and the Union of India, seeking a declaration that Karnataka's construction of check dams and diversion structures on the Pennaiyar River without Tamil Nadu's consent was illegal and violated the fundamental rights of its inhab…

The appellant Neeraj Gupta filed a private complaint alleging that his father died after an altercation with the respondents, leading to a criminal proceeding under sections 302 IPC. The complaint was taken up by a Judicial Magistrate First Class under Section 156(3) CrPC, and the magistrate recorded some pre‑charge ev…

Manoranjan Pandey, a 39‑year‑old construction contractor and sole breadwinner, died in a road accident on 29 May 2018. His legal representatives filed a claim under Section 166 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, and the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal awarded Rs 2.27 crore based on the deceased’s income tax return (ITR) f…

The appellants, heirs of the original plaintiffs in a partition suit, challenged a compromise decree entered on 22 February 1994 that purportedly settled the suit but was signed without the consent of Defendant No.5, Chaturbhuj Chaudhary. The lower courts had set aside the decree on grounds of fraud and lack of signatu…

Chandrikaben Kishor Dafda appealed against the High Court's refusal to quash a criminal case initiated for allegedly suppressing her spouse's property in an election affidavit filed for the 2015 municipal councillor election. The trial magistrate had taken cognizance under Section 125A of the Representation of Peoples …

The appellant, Shaurya Sunil Kumar Singh, was arrested in connection with a cyber‑fraud case involving a mule company and was charged under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, the Prevention of Corruption Act and the IT Act. After being remanded, the investigating agency filed a charge‑sheet on 2 September 2025, but failed to…

Parveen Kumar was convicted of murder and sentenced to life imprisonment in 2009. In 2022 he applied for remission under the 2002 Haryana remission policy, which required the Governor’s approval under Article 161 of the Constitution, but his application was rejected on the ground that the later 2008 policy, issued unde…

The suit concerned a partition of land and houses belonging to the late Dajiba, claimed by his four daughters and his wife Darubai. The daughters sought a 4/5 share, while Darubai, as the original defendant, argued she could sell part of the property as karta of the family under the doctrine of legal necessity. The low…

The appellants, former night‑guard casual labourers of the Department of Posts, were granted "temporary status" under the 1991 Casual Labourers Scheme and later treated at par with temporary Group ‘D’ employees after three years of service, but were never formally regularised. They sought pension and family‑pension ben…

The liquidator of a corporate debtor filed an appeal under Section 62 of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) after the 45‑day filing period but within the 60‑day grace period, and the appeal was marked defective. The liquidator failed to cure the defects within the 28‑day period prescribed by the Supreme Court Rul…

The complainant, wife of a deceased, filed a criminal complaint against three police officials—Assistant Commissioner Sankaran Moitra and two subordinate officers, S.M. Kundu and Sudhir Sikdar—alleging that the latter two murdered her husband on the direction of Moitra. The trial court took cognizance and the accused w…

The appellant, Jai Prakash Saini, was an in‑charge of a paddy procurement centre of U.P. Cooperative Federation Ltd. He was served with a charge‑sheet alleging short delivery of paddy and embezzlement of Rs. 2,00,850. A departmental enquiry found the charges proved and dismissed him, also ordering recovery of the amoun…

The appellants, a company and its directors, were alleged to have acquired shares of a Singapore entity without RBI approval, violating Section 4 of the Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA). The Enforcement Directorate seized their assets under Section 37A, but the Competent Authority later refused to confirm the sei…